Effects of Nordic walking on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes, impaired or normal glucose tolerance

Fritz, Tomas; Caidahl, Kenneth; Krook, Anna; Lundström, Petra; Mashili, Fredirick; Osler, Megan E.; Szekeres, Ferenc; Östenson, Claes‐Göran; Wändell, Per; Zierath, Juleen R.

doi:10.1002/dmrr.2321

Cited by 53 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Baseline characteristics of study participants have been previously reported (21,22). We have also reported changes in the clinical characteristics for this IGT cohort after 4 months of unsupervised Nordic walking (21,22).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The IGT cohort (n = 14) in the present investigation is a subgroup of a larger population of overweight, sedentary male and female volunteers who were recruited from Gustavsberg, a suburb of Stockholm, Sweden, to participate in a low-cost randomized controlled exercise intervention study with Nordic walking poles (21,22). Comprehensive details describing the entire study cohort have been published elsewhere (21,22).…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comprehensive details describing the entire study cohort have been published elsewhere (21,22). Participants in the entire cohort were categorized as NGT, IGT, or having type 2 diabetes based on 2-h glucose values determined during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gene expression values from a separate group of nonexercised individuals with NGT (n = 54) were included for comparative purposes (NGT-nonexercised). The NGT-nonexercised cohort was assembled from our previously described material (21,22) and constitutes a subset of participants from whom skeletal muscle biopsy specimens were available. Study protocols were approved by the Karolinska Institutet Ethics Committee.…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of the exercise test and intervention protocol were published by our group earlier (21). VO 2 max was determined on a Rodby RE 820/830 bicycle ergometer for all participants before and after the 20-week exercise intervention.…”

Section: Exercise Test and Intervention Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Gene Expression in Responders and Nonresponders to a Low-Intensity Walking Intervention

et al. 2015

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OBJECTIVEDaily physical activity remains an effective strategy to prevent obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, the metabolic response to exercise training is variable, and the precise clinical and molecular determinants that mark the metabolic improvements remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that clinical improvements in glucose control after low-intensity exercise in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are coupled to alterations in skeletal muscle gene expression. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe investigated 14 overweight individuals with IGT before and after a 4-month low-intensity unsupervised walking exercise intervention. Clinical and anthropometric measurements and glucose tolerance were determined before and after the intervention. Skeletal muscle biopsy specimens were obtained for mRNA expression analysis. RESULTSWaist circumference and work capacity during cycle ergometry were improved in individuals who achieved normal glucose tolerance (NGT) after exercise training (IGT-NGT; n = 9) but in not individuals who remained IGT (IGT-IGT; n = 5). Pretraining glycemic control was better in IGT-NGT compared with IGT-IGT. mRNA expression of mitochondrial markers and transcription factors was increased in IGT-NGT after exercise intervention and normalized to levels measured in a separate cohort of nonexercised individuals with NGT. Conversely, these markers were unaltered after exercise intervention in IGT-IGT. CONCLUSIONSNormalization of metabolic control can be achieved after low-intensity exercise in individuals with IGT. This can be tracked with increased mRNA expression of mitochondrial and metabolic genes in skeletal muscle. However, for individuals presenting with a greater derangement in glycemia, the potential for clinical and metabolic improvements after this low-intensity unsupervised exercise protocol appears to be limited.Physical exercise is a highly potent lifestyle intervention that improves whole-body glucose metabolism by increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing body weight (1). Prospective randomized controlled trials underscore the effectiveness of physical activity to enhance skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, normalize glycemia, and slow

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exercise Test and Intervention Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Gene Expression in Responders and Nonresponders to a Low-Intensity Walking Intervention

et al. 2015

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Walking for hypertension

Lee

Mulvaney

Wong³

et al. 2021

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Urgent call for the third wish

Roth

Holloszy

2013

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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The people afflicted with obesity and its consequences need a menu of low-cost programmes to mitigate the over-nutrition and under-activity that underlie their condition. This editorial commentary points out the multiple merits (and shortcomings) of the Nordic walking - with ski poles - presented in an accompanying article. The Nordic exercise programme is then examined more broadly in the context of the general principles and limitations of exercise programmes - with and without calorie control - as a guide to future innovations.

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Effects of Nordic walking on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes, impaired or normal glucose tolerance

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

Changes in Gene Expression in Responders and Nonresponders to a Low-Intensity Walking Intervention

Changes in Gene Expression in Responders and Nonresponders to a Low-Intensity Walking Intervention

Walking for hypertension

Urgent call for the third wish

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