Effects of n-Butanol Addition on the Performance and Emissions of a Turbocharged Common-Rail Diesel Engine

Experimental investigation of n-butanol/diesel fuel blends and n-butanol fumigation – Evaluation of engine performance, exhaust emissions, heat release and flammability analysis

“…These results indicate that the cylinder peak pressure values exhibit only minor differences in magnitude for different n-butanol ratios. Similar results have also been reported in literature [1,31].…”

“…Besides, the lower heating value of n-butanol is smaller than that of NDF. Both of these factors result in a reduction tendency of the cylinder mean temperature [1,31].…”

“…In addition, butanol can be mixed with diesel fuel without serious phase separation. Owing these advantages, n-butanol-diesel fuel blends studies began to increase in the recent years [1,[18][19][20][21]. Even so, n-butanol fumigation studies are very limited [9].…”

“…Since plants absorb CO 2 during growth [12], the combustion of those fuels does not lead to additional carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission, which is one of the key solution of the global warming gas emissions. Moreover, being oxygenated fuels biologically renewable, using them as alternative fuels or fuel additives can reduce the dependence on un-renewable fossil fuels [1], support local agricultural industries and enhance farming incomes [12]. Because of these advantages, much effort has been devoted to investigate the effects of various oxygenated fuels especially alcohols on the performance and emissions of diesel engines by applying different techniques [1,9,12].…”

“…In diesel engine, various alternative fuels and fuel additives such as alcohols [1,2], biodiesel [3,4], dimethyl ether [5,6] and natural gas [7,8] can be easily used. Among them, oxygenated fuels have drawn more attentions as they have capability of dramatically reduction of particulate matter (PM) emissions, without causing serious penalties on unburned hydrocarbon (UHC), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and engine performance parameters [9][10][11].…”