Effects of mobile phone radiation on UV-induced skin tumourigenesis in ornithine decarboxylase transgenic and non-transgenic mice

Heikkinen, Päivi; Kosma, Veli‐Matti; Alhonen, Leena; Huuskonen, Hannele; Komulainen, Hannu; Kumlin, Timo; Laitinen, Jarmo T.; Lang, Sakari; Puranen, Lauri; Juutilainen, Jukka

doi:10.1080/0955300031000096298

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Exposure to 902 MHz GSM-modulated or 849 MHz D-AMPS-modulated RF fields did not significantly enhance skin tumourigenesis induced by UV radiation in female ODC transgenic mice or in their non-transgenic littermates [Heikkinen et al, 2003]. The development of tumours was slightly (non-significantly) faster in the exposed than in the control animals, but there was no difference between the two different modulations.…”

Section: Carcinogenicity: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Juutilainen et al [2007] investigated the effects of long-term exposure to three different mobile phone signals in three strains of mice. Blood samples for micronucleus analysis were taken from the animals of two long-term co-carcinogenicity studies [Heikkinen et al, 2001[Heikkinen et al, , 2003. No effects on micronucleus frequency were observed from any of the exposures used.…”

Section: Review Of Experimental Observations Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of possible modulation‐dependent biological effects of radiofrequency fields

Juutilainen

Höytö

Kumlin

et al. 2011

Bioelectromagnetics

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The biological effects of modulated radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields have been a subject of debate since early publications more than 30 years ago, suggesting that relatively weak amplitude-modulated RF electromagnetic fields have specific biological effects different from the well-known thermal effects of RF energy. This discussion has been recently activated by the increasing human exposure to RF fields from wireless communication systems. Modulation is used in all wireless communication systems to enable the signal to carry information. A previous review in 1998 indicated that experimental evidence for modulation-specific effects of RF energy is weak. This article reviews recent studies (published after 1998) on the biological effects of modulated RF fields. The focus is on studies that have compared the effects of modulated and unmodulated (continuous wave) RF fields, or compared the effects of different kinds of modulations; studies that used only one type of signal are not included. While the majority of recent studies have reported no modulation-specific effects, there are a few interesting exceptions indicating that there may be specific effects from amplitude-modulated RF fields on the human central nervous system. These findings warrant follow-up studies.

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Section: Carcinogenicity: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Review Of Experimental Observations Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of possible modulation‐dependent biological effects of radiofrequency fields

Juutilainen

Höytö

Kumlin

et al. 2011

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…The results often have been contradictory among them and are still object of scientific debate [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The problem cannot be considered definitely clarified and further experiments are necessary in order to increase the experimental results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A REVERBERATION CHAMBER TO INVESTIGATE THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF "IN VIVO" EXPOSURE OF RATS TO 1.8 GHz ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

Biagi¹,

Castellana²,

Maggipinto³

et al. 2009

PIER

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Abstract-A system generating 1.8 GHz electromagnetic fields for bio-medical and behavioral study on laboratory animals was designed and implemented. The system is based on a reverberation chamber. An input power up to 5 W can be sent to an indoor transmitting antenna and an electric field strength (E) more than 90 V/m can be reached inside the chamber. The system was characterized at different input powers measuring E in different points by means of a miniature sensor. Then, boxes with 300 cc of physiological liquid inside were realized as simple phantoms simulating laboratory animals (rats)Corresponding author: P. F. Biagi (biagi@fisica.uniba.it). and E inside the liquid was measured, performing several simulations by moving the phantoms (1, 2) in the chamber and/or putting them still in different positions. On the basis of these measurements, the SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) and the Pe (power efficiency = SAR/input power) were determined at different powers. The actual system is characterized by a low power efficiency with respect to the "in vivo" exposition systems based on transversal electromagnetic (TEM) cells. Its advantage is to have inside the chamber a habitat similar to the usual one for the laboratory animals.

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“…In one study, the effect of RF radiation from GSM-900 (operating at 902.5 MHz, 0.577 ms pulses, and 217 Hz modulation) and DAMPS on ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin cancer in female ODC transgenic mice was investigated (Heikkinen et al, 2003) . The DAMPS (digital advanced mobile phone system) is a second generation cell phone system developed for use in the US market; it has now been superseded by other technologies.…”

Section: Skin Cancers In Odc Transgenic Mice: Gsm and Damps Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinogenic Effect of Wireless Communication Radiation in Rodents

Lin¹

2009

Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems

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The potential health effects of radio frequency (RF) radiation associated with cellular mobile telephones and related wireless devices remain a focus of concern. Although our knowledge regarding the health effects of RF radiation has increased considerably, the scientifi c evidence on biological effects of RF radiation associated with these wireless devices is still tentative. The uncertainties persist, in part, because of the limited number and scope of studies that have been conducted. Aside from the lack of a scientifi c consensus on experimental studies that provide clear evidence either refuting or supporting the cancer induction or promotion potential of RF radiation from cell phones, there is a concern that an established effect from wireless radiation, however small, could have a considerable impact in terms of public health. This chapter provides an updated review on recent research results on cancer induction and promotion in normal and transgenic mice and rats subjected to prolonged or life-long exposure to modulation schemes such as GSM, TDMA, CDMA, UMTS, and others. A majority of the laboratory mouse and rat studies did not exhibit a significant difference in carcinogenic incidences between exposed and shamexposed animals. Although this observation may be comforting from the perspective of safety evaluation, most of the studies are one-of-a-kind investigations -only three mouse and perhaps four rat studies were designed as replication or confi rmation studies. It is noteworthy that the fi ndings of these studies have not been consistent, making it diffi cult to arrive at a defi nitive conclusion. It could be a major fl aw that in a majority of the investigations, cage-control animals were not part of the investigation or were not included in the data analyses. Moreover, restraining the experimental animals during exposure could have introduced a stress factor, which further complicates interpretation of the results since stress has often been associated with cancer induction in these animals.

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Effects of mobile phone radiation on UV-induced skin tumourigenesis in ornithine decarboxylase transgenic and non-transgenic mice

Abstract: RFR exposures did not significantly enhance skin tumourigenesis. However, the slightly accelerated tumour development may warrant further evaluation.

Cited by 46 publications

References 40 publications

Review of possible modulation‐dependent biological effects of radiofrequency fields

Review of possible modulation‐dependent biological effects of radiofrequency fields

A REVERBERATION CHAMBER TO INVESTIGATE THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF "IN VIVO" EXPOSURE OF RATS TO 1.8 GHz ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

Carcinogenic Effect of Wireless Communication Radiation in Rodents

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