Effects of milk proteins supplementation in older adults undergoing resistance training: A meta-analysis of randomized control trials

Hidayat, Khemayanto; Chen, G.-C.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Dai, Xiaoli; Szeto, Ignatius Man‐Yau; Qin, Liqiang

doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0899-y

Cited by 37 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Results for the secondary endpoints, changes in performance between groups, modified intention-to-treat analysis* (Medians and interquartile ranges (Q1, Q3)) RT during admission and 12 weeks after discharge. However, both groups improved significantly for most parameters, and specifically the increase in LBM shows an adaptive response to the RT in agreement with the previous studies (11,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(22)(23)(24) and established knowledge (45) . The placebo group generally improved more than the protein group, which is unexpected, as most systematic reviews and meta-analysis find additional effects of PrS (11,14,(17)(18)(19)23) , with only a few finding no effects (15,24) or conflicting results (16,21,22) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…It has been shown that protein supplementation (PrS) alone can improve parameters of muscle strength, muscle mass and physical function in older adults (11)(12)(13) . Also, PrS has been shown to enhance the adaptive response to resistance training (RT) interventions (mostly 6-12 weeks' duration); however, not in all studies (11,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) . A hypothesis is that those who are most weak, for example, frail and sarcopenic, or those having a low habitual protein intake might benefit more from a combined intervention of PrS and RT (11,(13)(14)(15)(16)19,22,(24)(25)(26) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Protein supplementation combined with low-intensity resistance training in geriatric medical patients during and after hospitalisation: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre trial

et al. 2019

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Sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass/strength) burdens many older adults – hospitalised older adults being particularly vulnerable. Treating the condition, protein supplementation (PrS) and resistance training (RT) may act synergistically. Therefore, this block-randomised, double-blind, multicentre intervention study, recruiting geriatric patients > 70 years from three medical departments, investigated the effect of PrS combined with RT during hospitalisation and 12 weeks after discharge. Participants were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive PrS (totally 27·5 g whey protein/d, about 2000 kJ/d) or isoenergetic placebo-products (< 1·5 g protein/d) divided into two servings per d to supplement the habitual diet. Both groups were engaged in a standardised, progressive low-intensity RT programme for the lower extremities (hospital: supervised daily/after discharge: self-training 4×/week). From April 2016 to September 2017, 2351 patients were screened, 462 were eligible, and 165 included. Fourteen were excluded and ten dropped out, leaving 141 participants in the intention-to-treat analysis. The average total protein intake during hospitalisation/after discharge was 1·0 (interquartile range (IQR) 0·8, 1·3)/1·1 (IQR 0·9, 1·3) g/kg per d (protein-group) and 0·6 (IQR 0·5, 0·8)/0·9 (IQR 0·6, 1·0) g/kg per d (placebo group). Both groups improved significantly for the primary and secondary endpoints of muscle mass/strength, functional measurements and quality of life, but no additional effect of PrS was seen for the primary endpoint (30-s chair stand test, repetitions, median changes from baseline: (standard test: 0 (IQR 0, 5) (protein group) v. 2 (IQR 0, 6) (placebo group) and modified test: 2 (IQR 0, 5) (protein group) v. 2 (IQR −1, 5) (placebo group)) or any secondary endpoints (Mann–Whitney U tests, P > 0·05). In conclusion, PrS increasing the total protein intake by 0·4 and 0·2 g/kg per d during hospitalisation and after discharge, respectively, does not seem to increase the adaptive response to low-intensity RT in geriatric medical patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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confidence: 99%

Protein supplementation combined with low-intensity resistance training in geriatric medical patients during and after hospitalisation: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre trial

et al. 2019

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“…Studies have noted that 30.3%–65.1% of older adults with knee or hip OA had a daily protein intake lower than the recommended daily allowance of 0.8 g/kg/day [ 26 , 27 ]. PS and protein-based diet interventions are believed to additionally increase the efficacy of ET in older adults [ 28 , 29 ]. However, inconsistent results have been obtained regarding the effectiveness of PS combined with ET (PS + ET), specifically in older adults with OA or in individuals who recently underwent total joint replacement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Protein Supplementation Combined with Exercise Training on Muscle Mass and Function in Older Adults with Lower-Extremity Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Liao

Tsauo

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Aging and osteoarthritis (OA) are associated with a high risk of muscle mass loss, which can lead to physical disability. This study investigated the effectiveness of protein supplementation combined with exercise training (PS + ET) in improving muscle mass and functional outcomes in older adults with lower-limb OA. A comprehensive search of online databases was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of PS + ET in older adults with hip or knee OA. Meta-analysis and risk of bias assessment of the included RCTs were conducted. Six RCTs were included in this systemic review; they had a median (range/total) Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) score of 7 (6–9) out of 10, respectively. Five RCTs that enrolled patients who underwent total joint replacement were included in this meta-analysis. The PS + ET group exhibited significant improvements in muscle mass (standard mean difference [SMD] = 1.13, p < 0.00001), pain (SMD = 1.36, p < 0.00001), and muscle strength (SMD = 0.44, p = 0.04). Our findings suggest that PS + ET improves muscle mass, muscle strength, and functional outcomes and reduces pain in older adults with lower-limb OA, particularly in those who have undergone total joint replacement.

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“…Therefore, it has been suggested that older adults need higher total protein intake to counteract the attenuated post-prandial muscle protein turnover [11]. The benefits of protein supplementation for increased phosphorylation of mTOR [12,13] and on increasing muscle mass and physical performance have been extensively discussed in randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses [14][15][16][17][18]. It is, however, unclear whether this can be extrapolated to diminishing muscle damage and, thus, whether improving the protein intake with supplements in vital older adults can result in a positive protein balance and increased muscle cell activity that likely stimulates myofibrillar accretion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Protein Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage, Soreness and Fatigue Following Prolonged Walking Exercise in Vital Older Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

Haaf¹,

Bongers²,

Hulshof³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Background: It is unknown whether protein supplementation can enhance recovery of exercise-induced muscle damage in older adults who have a disturbed muscle protein synthetic response. We assessed whether protein supplementation could attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage and soreness after prolonged moderate-intensity walking exercise in older adults. Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study, 104 subjects (81% male, ≥65 years) used either a protein (n = 50) or placebo supplement (n = 54) during breakfast and directly after exercise. Within a walking event, study subjects walked 30/40/50 km per day on three consecutive days. Muscle soreness and fatigue were determined with a numeric rating scale, and creatine kinase (CK) concentrations and serum inflammation markers were obtained. Results: Habitual protein intake was comparable between the protein (0.92 ± 0.27 g/kg/d) and placebo group (0.97 ± 0.23 g/kg/d, p = 0.31). At baseline, comparable CK concentrations were found between the protein and the placebo group (110 (IQR: 84–160 U/L) and 115 (IQR: 91–186 U/L), respectively, p = 0.84). Prolonged walking (protein: 32 ± 9 km/d, placebo: 33 ± 6 km/d) resulted in a cumulative increase of CK in both the protein (∆283 (IQR: 182–662 U/L)) and placebo group (∆456 (IQR: 209–885 U/L)) after three days. CK elevations were not significantly different between groups (p = 0.43). Similarly, no differences in inflammation markers, muscle soreness and fatigue were found between groups. Conclusions: Protein supplementation does not attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage, muscle soreness or fatigue in older adults performing prolonged moderate-intensity walking exercise.

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Effects of milk proteins supplementation in older adults undergoing resistance training: A meta-analysis of randomized control trials

Abstract: Our findings provide evidence that supplementation of milk protein, in combination with resistance training, is effective to elicit fat-free mass gain in older adults.

Cited by 37 publications

References 48 publications

Protein supplementation combined with low-intensity resistance training in geriatric medical patients during and after hospitalisation: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre trial

Protein supplementation combined with low-intensity resistance training in geriatric medical patients during and after hospitalisation: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre trial

Effects of Protein Supplementation Combined with Exercise Training on Muscle Mass and Function in Older Adults with Lower-Extremity Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

The Impact of Protein Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage, Soreness and Fatigue Following Prolonged Walking Exercise in Vital Older Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

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