Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice

Uebanso, Takashi; Ohnishi, Ai; Kitayama, Reiko; Yoshimoto, Ayumi; Nakahashi, Mutsumi; Shimohata, Takaaki; Mawatari, Kazuaki; Takahashi, Akira

doi:10.3390/nu9060560

Cited by 112 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Our results run counter to those of previous studies that offered saccharin at doses far beyond the acceptable human daily intake (ADI) to the animals (Anderson and Kirkland, 1980;Suez et al, 2014). Similar results have been found for other NNS: acesulfame potassium and aspartame, given at 2.5 times or 30 times the ADI, respectively, promoted alterations in the gut microbiota (Suez et al, 2014;Bian et al, 2017a), whereas no such alterations were found when the ADI was respected (Palmnäs et al, 2014;Uebanso et al, 2017). One exception is the gut dysbiosis and liver inflammatory markers seen in mice receiving water supplemented with saccharin at an ADI-equivalent dose (0.3 mg/mL) (Bian et al, 2017b).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 98%

“…This class of molecules was first considered inert, but chronic consumption has raised concerns regarding user health and environmental safety (Pepino, 2015;Praveena et al, 2018). Experimental studies suggest that NNS are not as inert as initially thought; dopaminergic degeneration (Amin et al, 2018), changes in the gut microbiota (Suez et al, 2014;Bian et al, 2017a;Uebanso et al, 2017), and cell barrier disruption in vitro (Santos et al, 2018) have been described as consequences of their chronic intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabarcoding reveals that a non-nutritive sweetener and sucrose yield similar gut microbiota patterns in Wistar rats

et al. 2020

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The effects of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) on the gut microbiota are an area of increasing research interest due to their potential influence on weight gain, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Studies have shown that mice and rats fed saccharin develop weight gain and metabolic alterations, possibly related to changes in gut microbiota. Here, we hypothesized that chronic exposure to a commercial NNS would change the gut microbiota composition in Wistar rats when compared to sucrose exposure. To test this hypothesis, Wistar rats were fed either NNS-or sucrose-supplemented yogurt for 17 weeks alongside standard chow (ad libitum). The gut microbiome was assessed by 16S rDNA deep sequencing. Assembly and quantification were conducted using the Brazilian Microbiome Project pipeline for Ion Torrent data with modifications. Statistical analyses were performed in the R software environment. We found that chronic feeding of a commercial NNS-sweetened yogurt to Wistar rats, within the recommended dose range, did not significantly modify gut microbiota composition in comparison to sucrose-sweetened yogurt. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that moderate exposure to NNS is associated with changes in gut microbiota pattern compared to sucrose, at least in this experimental model.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabarcoding reveals that a non-nutritive sweetener and sucrose yield similar gut microbiota patterns in Wistar rats

et al. 2020

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“…However, it was reported that mice with 1.5 and 15 mg kg −1 sucralose administration for 8 weeks did not show significant weight gain compared with mice not exposed to sucralose . There are some hypotheses that might explain the contradiction: (i) researches on same sweetener with different concentrations; (ii) sweetener with the same concentration provide different sweetness for animals or humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, some epidemiological studies involving these sweeteners have generally shown neutral to mildly beneficial metabolic outcomes with the use of artificial sweeteners, such as weight stabilization or less weight regained after dieting . Uebanso et al reported in their study that mice with added 1.5 and 15 mg kg −1 sucralose for 8 weeks did not show significant weight gain compared with mice not exposed to sucralose …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Low intake of digestible carbohydrates ameliorates duodenal absorption of carbohydrates in mice with glucose metabolism disorders induced by artificial sweeteners

et al. 2019

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Background Long‐term artificial sweetener consumption has been reported to induce glucose intolerance, and the intestinal microbiota seems as an important target. While the impacts of artificial sweeteners on energy balance remain controversial, this work aimed to evaluate the protective effects in mice of a low digestible carbohydrate (LDC) diet on plasma glucose, plasma fasting insulin, sweet taste receptors, glucose transporters, and absorption of carbohydrates, together with consumption of acesulfame potassium (AK) or saccharin (SAC). Results Artificial sweetener was administered to mice for 12 weeks to induce glucose metabolism disorders; mice were treated with an LDC diet for the final 6 weeks. The experimental groups were treated with an LDC diet that had the same energy as the normal‐diet group. Prolonged administration of artificial sweeteners led to metabolic dysfunction, characterized by significantly increased plasma glucose, insulin resistance, sweet taste receptors, glucose transporters, and absorption of carbohydrates. Treatment with an LDC diet positively modulated these altered parameters, suggesting overall beneficial effects of an LDC diet on detrimental changes associated with artificial sweeteners. Conclusions Reducing digestible carbohydrates in the diet can significantly reduce the absorption of carbohydrates and improve glucose metabolism disorders caused by dietary factors. These effects may be due to the fact that reducing the amount of digestible carbohydrates in the feed can reduce the number of intestinal sweet receptors induced by exposure to artificial sweeteners. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Rodents, rats and mice mainly, are frequently used as model organisms for basic research on metabolism. Metabolic profiling was performed on rodent muscle , heart , liver , brain , intestinal and glioma tissue, arterial cells as well as on rodent serum/plasma , urine and feces . CE‐MS was furthermore used for research on the metabolism of microorganism , plants and mushroom .…”

Section: Analytical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry: Instrumentation, methodology and applications

et al. 2018

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Capillary electrophoresis (CE) offers fast and high‐resolution separation of charged analytes from small injection volumes. Coupled to mass spectrometry (MS), it represents a powerful analytical technique providing (exact) mass information and enables molecular characterization based on fragmentation. Although hyphenation of CE and MS is not straightforward, much emphasis has been placed on enabling efficient ionization and user‐friendly coupling. Though several interfaces are now commercially available, research on more efficient and robust interfacing with nano‐electrospray ionization (ESI), matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP) continues with considerable results. At the same time, CE‐MS has been used in many fields, predominantly for the analysis of proteins, peptides and metabolites. This review belongs to a series of regularly published articles, summarizing 248 articles covering the time between June 2016 and May 2018. Latest developments on hyphenation of CE with MS as well as instrumental developments such as two‐dimensional separation systems with MS detection are mentioned. Furthermore, applications of various CE‐modes including capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE), capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) and capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) coupled to MS in biological, pharmaceutical and environmental research are summarized.

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Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice

Cited by 112 publications

References 40 publications

Metabarcoding reveals that a non-nutritive sweetener and sucrose yield similar gut microbiota patterns in Wistar rats

Metabarcoding reveals that a non-nutritive sweetener and sucrose yield similar gut microbiota patterns in Wistar rats

Low intake of digestible carbohydrates ameliorates duodenal absorption of carbohydrates in mice with glucose metabolism disorders induced by artificial sweeteners

Recent advances in capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry: Instrumentation, methodology and applications

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