Effects of live yeast on immune responses and intestinal morphological structure in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broilers

Abstract

The effects of live yeast (LY) on immune responses and intestinal morphological structure in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenged broilers were investigated. A total of 480 one-day-old male broilers were divided into six groups following a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (eight replicates) with three dietary LY dosages (0%, 0.05%, or 0.50%) and two immune treatments (injection of saline or LPS) given at an interval of 48 h between 21 and 27 d of age. Blood was sampled on days 21 and 27, while intestine were collected on day 28. Results showed that LPS damaged (P ≤ 0.05) intestinal histomorphology, and tended to reduce (P = 0.071) serum anti-Newcastle disease virus (NDV) titers on day 21, but increase (P = 0.089) jejunal maltase activity. Supplemental LY at 0.05% elevated (P ≤ 0.05) ileal villus width and villus surface area, and serum anti-NDV titers on day 21. The addition at 0.50% increased (P ≤ 0.05) jejunal and ileal villus height to crypt depth ratio, reduced (P ≤ 0.05) jejunal maltase activity and crypt depth, and attenuated (P ≤ 0.05) LPS-induced increase (P ≤ 0.05) in serum diamine oxidase activity on day 21. Collectively, supplemental LY at 0.05% improved antibody response and the addition at 0.50% alleviated LPS-induced intestinal damage in broilers.

Effects of live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a substitute to antibiotic on growth performance, immune function, serum biochemical parameters and intestinal morphology of broilers

“…Dietary inclusion of yeast-derived products could increase serum IgG in broilers (Ding et al 2019) which justified our current finding for serum immunity. Live yeast cell wall could produce some trophic substances and has a role as an immune cofactor (Wang et al 2017). Higher IgG in colostrum and milk was also recorded in sows fed with live yeast S. cerevisiae during the later stage of gestation (Zanello et al 2013).…”

“…Improvement in the intestinal morphological structure, involving higher villus height, villus height to crypt depth ratio, and lower crypt depth, was useful for nutrient utilization, stress resistance, and gut barrier function in livestock animals (Viveros et al 2011;Wang et al 2017;Tufail et al 2019). This experiment ensured the higher villus height and the higher ratio of villus height, and crypt depth in jejunum and ileum with live yeast supplemented groups that were associated with the higher nutrient retention as well as higher average daily weight gain at the finisher period in this study.…”

“…Live yeast has a role to reduce gut pH via production of a wide range of organic acids resulting in acidic environment in the intestine and ultimate inhibition in the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine (Ogbuewu et al 2019). Furthermore, the cell wall component of live yeast, especially beta glucans, may have a role to enhance immune function via producing natural antibodies in swine and chickens (Shen et al 2009;Wang et al 2017;Ding et al 2019). Immune-suppression, caused by infections, has huge economic importance in the poultry industry, due to the poor response to vaccines and overall performance (Umar et al 2017).…”

Dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079 Positively Affects Performance and Intestinal Ecosystem in Broilers during a Campylobacter jejuni Infection

“…Muthusamy et al [15] obtained positive modification of histomorphology of the intestinal mucosa of broilers with both live yeast and pellets of the yeast cell wall. Wang et al [16] confirmed the beneficial activity of the live yeast, recording an improved villus surface area and villus width in the ileum of lipopolysaccharide-challenged broilers.…”

Comparing the gastrointestinal barrier function between growth-retarded and normal yaks on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

“…Generally, the increased circulating activity of DAO is associated with injured intestinal integrity and barrier function. When the intestinal epithelium is damaged, DAO is released into blood vessels, resulting in elevation of blood DAO (Wang et al, 2016). In the current study, compared to GNY, GRY increased DAO activity in serum, indicating that the intestinal barrier function was impaired.…”