Effects of Laying Cycle Periods on Egg Quality, Egg Chemical Composition, and Reproductive Performance of Japanese Quail Breeders Reared in Northern Algeria

Abstract

Egg quality traits in quail breeders depend on various factors which may influence embryo survival during incubation, affecting the chicks' production and quality. The current study aimed to determine the effect of the laying period on the external and internal quality of the egg, the chemical composition of albumen, yolk, and eggshell as well as the reproductive parameters of quail breeders. A total of 450 quails (Coturnix japonica) obtained from the same hatchery, were reared in a battery cage with a sex ratio of 1 male to 3 females. All the quails were subjected to standard breeding conditions and fed a balanced laying diet. A total of 960 eggs were collected at two different periods of the laying cycle, the beginning period of the laying (BP indicating 10 weeks of quail age) and the peak period of laying (PP showing 20 weeks of quail age). At each laying period, 30 eggs were used to analyze the various parameters of egg quality, and 450 eggs were randomly selected to assess the reproductive performances. Overall, no differences in the external quality of eggs, such as egg length, egg width, and the egg shape index, were recorded between the two laying periods. Apart from albumen weight that tended to be higher at the peak laying period, the shell and the yolk weights were not affected by the period of laying. Additionally, Japanese quail tend to deposit similar proportions of shell, albumen, and yolk at the two periods of laying. Likewise, the rate of dry matter of the three egg components, shell mineral concentrations, and yolk fat concentrations did not show any noticeable variation with the laying period. The most significant effect of the laying period was related to the potential reduction in the total protein content of the albumen and the yolk of eggs laid at the peak period of laying. Finally, the laying period did not significantly affect the fertility and hatchability rate of the incubated quail eggs but slightly improved the embryonic mortality rate during the peak laying phase.

The Quail Game Farming Sector in Spain

“…The period of time in which eggs are produced is significantly related to genetic purity. The European quail species has a shorter laying season (around four months) [ 10 ], particularly when kept outdoors [ 17 ], due to the reproductive seasonality typical of a wild animal [ 23 ], whereas the Japanese species has an egg laying period that lasts up to 12 months [ 9 , 34 , 35 ]. However, four of the surveyed farms that were reported as rearing the European quail species bred quails which had a laying period of 12 months, which casts doubt on the genetic purity of the breeders.…”

Effects of housing systems and laying phases on external and internal egg quality characteristics of indigenous guinea fowl hens

“…This finding implies that the internal egg quality may be optimized by a particular housing system and laying period. On the contrary, the study by Berrama et al (2021) stated that the laying period did not affect the internal characteristics of Japanese quail eggs.…”

Occurrence of Emerging Mycotoxins in Chicken Feed and Eggs from Algeria

“…Therefore, our study focuses on the detection of emerging mycotoxins in eggs and poultry feed collected from various farms located in the Eastern part of Algeria. The main motivation behind this study is the fact that Algerians consume a lot of eggs and poultry (Berrama et al 2021;Kaci 2015), so it is important to determine the likelihood that they are exposed to emerging mycotoxins present in their main source of protein.…”