Effects of isoflavone on the learning and memory of women in menopause: a double-blind placebo-controlled study

Santos-Galduróz, Ruth Ferreira; Galduróz, José Carlos Fernandes; Facco, R.L.; Hachul, Helena; Tufik, Sérgio

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2010007500104

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…103 The remaining nine studies showed no evidence of an effect of isoflavones on depression. 95,96,99,105-108,111,115 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…96,106 In four other trials, there is no obvious explanation for the lack of benefits. 99,105,107,115 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to these studies, a small Brazilian 4-month study failed to find that isoflavones (80 mg/d) alleviated depression although with respect to presentation of the data, only the relative changes vs. the baseline were provided. 99 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the potential antidepressant effects of soybean isoflavones

Messina

Gleason²

2016

Menopause

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Objective To determine whether isoflavones affect depressive symptoms in women. Methods Literature searches were conducted to identify clinical and epidemiologic studies that evaluated the impact of soy intake and isoflavone exposure on depressive symptoms. References from identified studies were also evaluated to identify eligible studies. Results Only limited epidemiologic research has evaluated the impact of soy or isoflavone intake on depression although several studies from China and Japan did find soy product intake was inversely related to risk of depression. However, often times, soy was evaluated only as a component of a summative dietary pattern (e.g., a “Japanese” or “Healthy” diet). Of the 20 intervention studies identified, roughly half found statistically significant reductions in depressive symptoms in response to isoflavones although several had design weakness. Of those studies reporting a lack of antidepressant effects of isoflavones, design limitations likely contributed to the lack of efficacy. In all but two trials, assessment of depression was, however, a secondary outcome. It is notable that both trials in which depression was a primary outcome found isoflavones significantly improved symptoms. Conclusions Although the data are inconsistent and limited, the clinical and epidemiologic evidence suggests that isoflavones may offer a safe, well-tolerated option for management of depression. Furthermore, the intervention doses used in the clinical studies fall well within the dietary range. The extant literature reveals key design features for future studies, which based upon the results of this review, are clearly warranted.

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“…103 The remaining nine studies showed no evidence of an effect of isoflavones on depression. 95,96,99,105-108,111,115 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…96,106 In four other trials, there is no obvious explanation for the lack of benefits. 99,105,107,115 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the potential antidepressant effects of soybean isoflavones

Messina

Gleason²

2016

Menopause

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“…Importantly, the isoflavone content of these over-the-counter tablets can vary widely between manufacturers (Setchell et al, 2001); making it difficult to discern what, if any, active ingredients may aide in healthy cognitive aging. For instance, reports of the effects of several commercially available dietary soy-based supplements (with mixed isoflavone contents/concentrations) on learning and memory processes from randomized controlled studies in aging women vary, reporting no effect (Basaria et al, 2009; Fournier et al, 2007; Henderson et al, 2012; Ho et al, 2007; Kreijkamp-Kaspers et al, 2004), some improvement (Casini et al, 2006; Duffy et al, 2003; File et al, 2005; Gleason et al, 2009; Kritz-Silverstein et al, 2003; Santos-Galduroz et al, 2010), or even an impairment (Kritz-Silverstein et al, 2003). In addition to isoflavone composition, methodological differences in age at the time of treatment, previous HRT use, cognitive domain tested, and length of treatment likely contribute to the conflicting findings among published reports (see also Sumien et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of dietary treatment with S-equol on learning and memory processes in middle-aged ovariectomized rats

Neese

Pisani

Doerge

et al. 2014

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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The use of over-the-counter botanical estrogens containing isolated soy isoflavones, including genistein and daidzein, has become a popular alternative to traditional hormone therapies. Menopausal women use these products as an aide in healthy aging, including for the maintenance of cognitive function. The safety and efficacy of many of these commercial preparations remains unknown. Previous research in our lab found that treatment of ovariectomized (OVX) female Long-Evans rats with genistein impaired working memory in an operant delayed spatial alternation (DSA) task and response learning in a plus-maze, but enhanced place learning assessed in the plus-maze. The present study further examined the effects of isolated isoflavones on working memory and place learning by treating middle-aged (12–13 month old) OVX female Long-Evans rats with S-equol, the exclusive enantiomer produced by metabolism of daidzein in the mammalian gut. S-equol binds selectively to ERβ with an affinity similar to that of genistein but has low transcriptional potency. For DSA testing, S-equol at 1.94, 0.97 mg, or 0 mg (sucrose control) was orally administered to animals daily, 30 minutes before behavioral testing, and again both 4 and 8 hours after the first treatment. Rats were tested on the DSA task following the first, morning dose. For place learning, rats received 0.97 mg S-equol every 4 hours during the light portion of the cycle beginning 48 hours prior to behavioral testing (total exposure 8.7 mg S-equol). S-equol treatment was largely without effect on the DSA and place learning tasks. This is the first study to test the behavioral effects of isolated S-equol in OVX rodents, and shows that, unlike genistein or estradiol, repeated daily treatment with this isoflavone metabolite does not alter learning and memory processes in middle-aged OVX rats.

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“…In a long‐term supplementation trial, consuming soy isoflavone (91 mg aglycones/day) for 2.5 years improved one of four subcomponents of visual episodic memory but did not affect global cognition in healthy postmenopausal midlife and older women . Likewise, a crossover trial in postmenopausal women aged 50–65 years also did not find cognitive‐enhancing benefits with soy isoflavone (80 mg/day); however, episodic memory was preserved following supplementation …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does phytoestrogen supplementation improve cognition in humans? A systematic review

Zaw

Howe

Wong

2017

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Recent evidence indicates that resveratrol, a phytoestrogen, can improve cognitive function in postmenopausal women by enhancing cerebral vasodilator responsiveness. We examine the effects of phytoestrogen supplementation on cognition and compare resveratrol with other phytoestrogens. Databases were searched for reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) containing terms describing phytoestrogens together with terms relating to cognition. Effect sizes were determined for changes in cognition. We identified 23 RCTs, 15 with isoflavone and eight with resveratrol or grape formulations. Six soy isoflavone studies showed positive cognitive effects of medium size. Greater benefits were seen in women who were <10 years postmenopausal and supplemented for <6 months. Small-to-medium effect-size cognitive benefits of resveratrol were seen in four studies of older adults of mixed gender and in postmenopausal women who took 150-200 mg resveratrol daily for at least 14 weeks. No benefits were seen in three studies using red clover or grape formulations. Supplementation with either soy isoflavone or resveratrol improved executive function and memory domains of cognitively normal older adults in half of the included studies, mostly with medium effect sizes. The cognitive benefit of resveratrol was related to improved cerebral perfusion.

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Effects of isoflavone on the learning and memory of women in menopause: a double-blind placebo-controlled study

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Evaluation of the potential antidepressant effects of soybean isoflavones

Evaluation of the potential antidepressant effects of soybean isoflavones

The effects of dietary treatment with S-equol on learning and memory processes in middle-aged ovariectomized rats

Does phytoestrogen supplementation improve cognition in humans? A systematic review

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