Effects of intrauterine growth restriction and postnatal nutrition on pediatric asthma in Bangladesh

Abstract

Numerous studies have investigated the risk of developing asthma due to early-life experiences and environmental exposures. However, the influence of intrauterine growth restriction and postnatal undernutrition on childhood wheezing/asthma remains unclear. Thus, we examined the effects of both small for gestational age (SGA) and postnatal stunted growth on ever asthma among children in the rural areas in Bangladesh.Multiple follow-up studies were conducted in a cohort of randomized clinical trial of nutrition interventions during pregnancy (the MINIMat trial). Overall, 1208 and 1697 children were followed-up for asthma at 4.5 and 10 years, respectively. Anthropometric measurements were obtained at various intervals from birth to 10 years of age. Ever asthma was identified using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire.Results showed that SGA was significantly associated with increased risk of ever asthma at 4.5 and 10 years after adjusting for sex, body mass index, socioeconomic status, family history of asthma, gestational age at birth, mother’s parity, mother’s age at birth and intervention trial arm [odds ratio (OR)=1.97 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34–2.90) and 1.86 (95% CI: 1.18–2.72)]. For the postnatal effect of undernutrition, stunting at 1 and 2 years was significantly associated with ever asthma at 4.5 and 10 years [1 year: OR=1.77 (95% CI: 1.22–2.57) and OR=1.72 (95% CI: 1.16–2.56), 2 years: OR=1.49 (95% CI: 1.06–2.10) and OR=1.41 (95% CI: 1.02–1.96)].In conclusion, SGA and undernutrition during infancy has an influence on childhood asthma among children in Bangladesh, indicating the need for nutritional interventions early in life.

Prevalence of atopic dermatitis, asthma and rhinitis from infancy through adulthood in rural Bangladesh: a population-based, cross-sectional survey

“…More recently asthma prevalence has been reported as high as 20.2% and 6.8% in 4.5 and 10 years old, respectively. 40 These are higher than the estimates reported here; however, an asthma prevalence of 8.7% in 5 years from the same surveillance site was also reported, similar to the prevalence we report here. 41 These differences in prevalence could be due to environmental variation between the research sites within the country.…”

Prevalence of pre-existing lung diseases and their association with income level among patients with lung cancer: a nationwide population-based case-control study in South Korea

“…Therefore, secondhand smoke in childhood does not fully explain the association between low SES and the risk of lung disease and lung cancer. Second, the low SES of parents is associated with intrauterine growth restriction and delayed pulmonary development,42 which increase the risk of pulmonary diseases such as asthma and COPD or cause a decrease in lung function 42–44. Third, low SES is closely associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections in childhood and adulthood.…”

“…Second, the low SES of parents is associated with intrauterine growth restriction and delayed pulmonary development, 42 which increase the risk of pulmonary diseases such as asthma and COPD or cause a decrease in lung function. [42][43][44] Third, low SES is closely associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections in childhood and adulthood. Recent studies have reported that respiratory tract infection in childhood may cause decreased pulmonary function and increase the risk of asthma and COPD.…”