Effects of Ice Storm Damage on Hardwood Survival and Growth in Ohio

Turcotte, Richard M.; Elliott, T. R.; Fajvan, Mary Ann; Park, Yong‐Lak; Snider, Daniel A.; Tobin, Patrick C.

doi:10.5849/njaf.10-053

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Even so, 12% of trees with ≥ 50% crown loss survived. That seems consistent with reports by Turcotte et al (2012) and that the fate of trees damaged by ice loading depended more on initial tree vigor, perhaps reflected in their relative diameter and crown position within even-aged stands. Assuming reasonable accuracy in the way we made post-storm crown damage assessments, our findings suggest that hardwood species have great capacity for recovery unless ice loading essentially removes the entire crown.…”

Section: Mortalitysupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Yet for black cherry, red maple, sugar maple, and white ash in New York, Kraemer (2003) found no significant relationship between estimated crown loss and the number of epicormic branches at two years after the 1998 ice storm. Duguay et al (2001) and Turcotte et al (2012) did observe a higher degree of sprouting in codominant and dominant trees than among those of lower canopy positions, suggesting that canopy position (or tree size) and vigor may affect recovery potential.…”

Section: Epicormic Branchingmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Sugar and red maple grew the least of all species and had the greatest growth reduction following crown loss of more than three-fourths. Among mixedspecies stands in Ohio, Turcotte et al (2012) detected a significant reduction in radial increment with crown damage in excess of 33%.…”

Section: Mortality Following Ice Stormsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Response of ice-damaged northern hardwood stands in northern New York

Nyland

Dalton

Allen

et al. 2016

The Forestry Chronicle

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At three previously thinned, even-aged northern hardwood stands affected by the 1998 ice storm, we evaluated the responses of trees in plots given a rehabilitation treatment, and compared findings to adjacent untreated areas. In both the rehabilitated and untreated areas mortality seemed consistent with regional norms for northern hardwood stands. Trees that died after the storm had essentially complete crown loss due to ice loading, and 12% of living trees lost at least half of their crown. In both sets of plots, epicormic branching within the crown led to crown rebuilding, resulting in high levels of tree survival and good post-storm diameter growth on all plots. Release of selected upper-canopy trees by the rehabilitation cutting significantly increased diameter growth rates compared to those in untreated areas. While some epicormics developed below the base of the original crown in both treated and untreated plots, they largely emanated at > 5.2 m from the ground and did not degrade the butt log of most trees.Keywords: ice storm, even-aged northern hardwoods, rehabilitation treatment, stand growth, stand mortality, epicormic branching. RéSuméAu moyen de mesures effectuées dans des parcelles, nous avons évalué la réaction des arbres à la suite du verglas de 1998 dans trois peuplements équiennes de feuillus nordiques éclaircis qui avaient bénéficié d'un traitement de réhabilitation, et comparé les résultats à ceux des parcelles voisines n'ayant reçu aucun traitement. Tant dans les parcelles réhabilitées que dans celles non traitées, la mortalité semblait conforme aux standards régionaux pour les peuplements de feuillus nordiques. Les arbres qui sont morts après la tempête de verglas avaient essentiellement perdu l' ensemble de leur cime sous le poids de la glace et 12 % des arbres vivants avaient perdu au moins la moitié de leur cime. Dans les deux groupes de parcelles, la croissance des pousses adventives dans la cime a permis à celle-ci de se rétablir ce qui a donné un fort niveau de survie chez les arbres et une bonne croissance en diamètre post-tempête dans toutes les parcelles. Le dégage-ment des arbres choisis parmi les dominants au cours de la coupe de réhabilitation a considérablement augmenté les taux de croissance en diamètre, comparativement aux arbres des parcelles non traitées. Même si certaines pousses adventives se sont développées sous le niveau de la cime originale, tant dans les parcelles traitées que dans celles non traitées, elles se trouvaient en grande partie à plus de 5,2 m au-dessus du sol et n' ont pas déclassé la bille de souche de la plupart des arbres.

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Section: Mortalitysupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Epicormic Branchingmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Response of ice-damaged northern hardwood stands in northern New York

Nyland

Dalton

Allen

et al. 2016

The Forestry Chronicle

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“…However, the health index that was used throughout this research was developed specifically for damage caused by the EAB. Some damage may be similar between EAB and ice storms, such as the appearance of epicormic branching [60]. On the other hand, disturbances such as ice storms can cause entire limbs of a tree to break off, whereas in an EAB infestation this may not occur until later stages of infestation when the tree is dead [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final ash health prediction products should be used with caution, due to the health decline map being produced based on the classification maps, which had about 33% errors of omission (meaning that some ash trees were confused with other trees, and not included in the prediction of ash health). We would also like to point out that, although the goal of this map was to identify EAB infestations, other disturbances such as an ice storm may have contributed to ash decline [22,59,60]. However, the health index that was used throughout this research was developed specifically for damage caused by the EAB.…”

Section: Ash Health Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash Decline Assessment in Emerald Ash Borer Infested Natural Forests Using High Spatial Resolution Images

Murfitt

Yang

et al. 2016

Remote Sensing

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Abstract:The invasive emerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) infects and eventually kills endemic ash trees and is currently spreading across the Great Lakes region of North America. The need for early detection of EAB infestation is critical to managing the spread of this pest. Using WorldView-2 (WV2) imagery, the goal of this study was to establish a remote sensing-based method for mapping ash trees undergoing various infestation stages. Based on field data collected in Southeastern Ontario, Canada, an ash health score with an interval scale ranging from 0 to 10 was established and further related to multiple spectral indices. The WV2 image was segmented using multi-band watershed and multiresolution algorithms to identify individual tree crowns, with watershed achieving higher segmentation accuracy. Ash trees were classified using the random forest classifier, resulting in a user's accuracy of 67.6% and a producer's accuracy of 71.4% when watershed segmentation was utilized. The best ash health score-spectral index model was then applied to the ash tree crowns to map the ash health for the entire area. The ash health prediction map, with an overall accuracy of 70%, suggests that remote sensing has potential to provide a semi-automated and large-scale monitoring of EAB infestation.

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