Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Soy on Learning, Memory and Synaptic Plasticity Deficits Induced by Seizure in Ovariectomized Rats

Abstract

Introduction:Previous studies have shown that seizure can induce cognitive impairment. On the other hand, soy phytoestrogens, which are mainly found in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), have beneficial effects on the nervous system. However, little is known about their probable effects on seizure. The present study aimed to examine the probable effects of soy extract, containing the phytoestrogen genistein on seizure-induced cognitive and synaptic plasticity impairment in Ovariectomized (OVX) rats.Methods:Rats were ovariectomized, implanted with guide cannula and then divided into 5 groups (n=7–8 in each group): PBS, KA, Saline-KA, Higher Dose Soy (HDS-KA), and Lower Dose Soy (LDS-KA) groups. Animals of the HDS-KA and LDS-KA groups received intraperitoneal administration of soy extract (20 and 2 mg/kg, respectively) and the Saline-KA group received normal saline once a day for 4 days. Sixty minutes after the last injection, Kainic Acid (KA) or PBS was injected into the left lateral ventricle via pre-implanted guide cannula to induce generalized seizures. The Morris water maze task and in vivo field potential recordings were conducted 7 days later.Results:Soy extract at both doses significantly improved learning impairment and at the higher dose (20 mg/kg) significantly prevented seizure-induced spatial memory impairment and deficit of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus.Conclusion:The soy extract containing the phytoestrogen genistein may have beneficial effects on memory deficit induced by seizure in OVX rats and this effect is accompanied by a beneficial effect on synaptic plasticity.

Chronic modafinil therapy ameliorates depressive-like behavior, spatial memory and hippocampal plasticity impairments, and sleep-wake changes in a surgical mouse model of menopause

“…For sham operations, fat tissue surrounding the ovaries was excised instead. Following OVX and sham surgeries, a soy-free diet was given to exclude the impact of soy phytoestrogens 24 . MOD (Sigma-Aldrich) was dissolved in sterile saline containing 10% dimethyl sulfoxide and 2% (w/v) Cremophor immediately before use 25 .…”

Ameliorating Effect of Standardized Extract From Textured Soy Protein (Glycine max L.) on Memory Deficit and Learning Insufficiency in Scopolamine-induced Amnesia

“…In TSP form, defatted soybean is used as a substitute for meat after quick cooking while in the Ajil form, the seeds are roasted with lemon juice and salt. Considering the antioxidant, anticholinesterase and improving effect of raw soybean (RS) on cognitive impairments (Khodamoradi, Asadi-Shekaari, Esmaeili-Mahani, Sharififar, & Sheibani, 2017;Ali Mandegary, Sharififar, Soodi, & Zarei, 2014;Sharififar et al, 2012), in the present work, we intended to compare in vitro antioxidant and anticholinesterase effects of TSP, Ajil and RS and study the effectiveness of the most active form of soybean on spatial memory and learning in scopolamineinduced amnesia. In the other hand, genistein is the major isoflavone found in soybean and has beneficial effects on the brain function (Bagheri, Joghataei, Mohseni, & Roghani, 2011), so genistein content of soybean preparations has been determined too.…”

The Toxicity Evaluation of Salvia rhytidea and Glycine Max Extracts versus the Biochemical and Histological Indices of Liver and Kidney Functions in Mice

“…Soybean-based diets reduce the blood levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides in humans [9]. Also, consuming soybean is believed to improve learning impairment [10,11]. Further, Salvia rhytidea Benth (S. rhytidea) is one of the Salvia species which has been widely available in Kerman province in southeastern Iran.…”