Cesium lead halide perovskite nanostructures have been achieved much attention for many optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and sensors due to their sharp emission spectrum, adjustable wide optical bandgap, and high distinct color.However, low emission efficiency and stability still impede their development and application. This paper reports a facile surface modification of the CsPbBr 3 quantum dots (QDs) to enhance the optical performance by using a silver thiocyanate (AgSCN) additive. Structural and chemical investigations showed that the QD morphology and size did not change significantly while the SCN was incorporated into the CsPbBr 3 QDs with increasing the AgSCN content. In addition, the SCN interacts with Pb in the CsPbBr 3 QDs, which indicates that the SCN fills out the Br vacancy site or substitutes the Br anion without significantly affecting the ligand configuration. Therefore, the photoluminescence (PL) intensity and stability of the AgSCN-treated CsPbBr 3 QDs were improved compared to the pristine one because the AgSCN acted a critical role in recovering the appropriate surface stoichiometry and eliminating the surface defective sites.