Effects of Hemicellulose and Lignin on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose from Dairy Manure

Abstract

This study focused on the effect of hemicellulose and lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis of dairy manure and hydrolysis process optimization to improve sugar yield. It was found that hemicellulose and lignin in dairy manure, similar to their role in other lignocellulosic material, were major resistive factors to enzymatic hydrolysis and that the removal of either of them, or for best performance, both of them, improved the enzymatic hydrolysis of manure cellulose. This result combined with scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures further proved that the accessibility of cellulose to cellulase was the most important feature to the hydrolysis. Quantitatively, fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis of fiber without lignin and hemicellulose had a high glucose yield of 52% with respect to the glucose concentration of 17 g/L at a total enzyme loading of 1300 FPU/L and reaction time of 160 h, which was better than corresponding batch enzymatic hydrolysis.

Assessment of sugarcane trash for agronomic and energy purposes in Brazil

“…Both hemicelluloses and lignin form a physical barrier against the enzymatic attack to cellulose. The results corroborate others reported in the literature, making it evident that the removal of these components by the pre-treatment step results in a change in the morphological structure of the lignocellulosic biomass, making it more accessible to the cellulolitic enzymes, and therefore providing an increase in the enzymatic digestibility in the conversion processes of the lignocellulosic biomass into glucose and consequently in ethanol (Öhgren et al, 2006;Liao et al, 2005).…”

Optimization of Saccharification of Biological Pre-Treated Rice Straw by Response Surface Methodology

“…and Aspergillus fumigatus (Matthews, 2016). According to Liao et al, (2005) either hemicellulose or lignin, prevent cellulose from being attacked by inhibiting the enzymes physically or chemically. The removal of these two fractions reduces the cellulose crystallinity and, the porosity and accessible surface area of substrate are increased, favouring the enzymatic attack (Mussatto et al, 2008).…”

Development of mathematical models to predict volume and nutrient composition of fresh manure from lactating Holstein cows

“…Given that Holstein cows make up~90% of the 9.3 million total dairy cow population in the US (Dungan et al 2012), approximately eight million metric tons of F HC and F CL are produced annually. This represents a large source of carbohydrate that can be broken down to simple sugars such as glucose, xylose, arabinose and galactose through various hydrolytic processes (Liao et al 2005). Relative proportions of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in manure significantly affect the rate of hydrolysis of carbohydrates in manure (Liao et al 2005).…”

“…This represents a large source of carbohydrate that can be broken down to simple sugars such as glucose, xylose, arabinose and galactose through various hydrolytic processes (Liao et al 2005). Relative proportions of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in manure significantly affect the rate of hydrolysis of carbohydrates in manure (Liao et al 2005). Therefore, F HC and F CL estimates would help optimise hydrolytic processes.…”

“…Estimates of manure organic matter composition can also assist in effective bio-based uses of dairy manure, such as biogas and monosugars production, effectively reducing environmental liabilities and providing an economic incentive to dairy producers (Liao et al 2004;Schievano et al 2008). Acid hydrolysis is the typical process used to treat and help convert lignocellulosic materials to sugars, yields of which are significantly related to cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents of dairy manure (Liao et al 2005).…”