Effects of Gait Variations on Grip Force Coordination During Object Transport

Gysin, Priska; Kaminski, Terry R.; Hass, Chris J.; Grobet, Cécile; Gordon, Andrew M.

doi:10.1152/jn.90561.2008

Cited by 25 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…This anticipatory force coupling maintains an adequate grip force safety margin against the object slipping as the inertial forces fluctuate [2][3][4]. A similar anticipatory force coupling is seen when holding an object during jumping [2] and walking [3,4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…This height resembles that of real-life obstacles (i.e., curbstones) [23] and has been used in previous aging studies [24]. In addition, tape lines were placed across the walkway at distances of 40% of subjects' individual heights (percentage was based on mean step-lengths of older subjects in pilot work) and indicated crude foot placement targets (similar to [6]) (see Fig. 1B).…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hypothesized that the degree of force coupling would be similar across age groups during unperturbed walking, but would deteriorate in older subjects during obstacle crossing indicated by grip force delays. To evaluate whether possible force coupling changes during obstacle crossing are due to disruption of gait regularity, subjects were asked in separate conditions to increase or decrease their step-length (similar to [6]), which we hypothesized would not affect grasp control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aging effects on object transport during gait

et al. 2011

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aging effects on object transport during gait

et al. 2011

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“…While this review focuses on grip force control during self-initiated object handling, it is important to note that when changes in the object's inertial properties are externally triggered and/or unexpected, considerable delays in grip force adjustments occur, suggesting the reliance on feedback mechanisms to successfully accomplish the task [21,22] . Next we consider these mechanisms in relation to aging.…”

Section: Feedback Mechanisms Associated With Grip Force Magnitude Adamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such tasks may include the manipulation of a fluid-filled container using a multidigit grasp or carrying an object while walking. The latter task, investigated before in a healthy young population [21] , is a dynamic task involving the coordination of multiple body segments (i.e., inertial force changes on the object are induced by whole-body movement), moment-tomoment grasp adjustments, and requires attention sharing between walking and grasping [21] .…”

Section: Summary Conclusion and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finger Force Coordination Underlying Object Manipulation in the Elderly – A Mini-Review

2010

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Background: A decline in manual dexterity is a common phenomenon in elderly individuals. Often, simple daily activities such as handling coins and preparing meals become challenging. A substantial decline in manual dexterity may impact one’s ability to live independently. Thus, understanding the underlying causes of these impairments is essential. Considerable attention has been given to the regulation of fingertip forces during object grasp, lift and transport in the elderly. Objective: Here we review studies on fingertip force coordination in the elderly, with an emphasis on the relationship between the degree of change in elderly grip force control and the nature of the tasks performed. Methods: A literature search was performed using Medline, Pubmed, and Web of Science electronic databases covering studies from 1985 to 2009, inputting combinations of the following key words: grip force, grasp force, fingertip forces, precision grip, aging, elderly, and hand motor control. Results: Studies show a consistent elevation in grip force magnitudes that may easily lead to fatigue. These force increases may represent a compensation for increased skin slipperiness or a reduction in tactile information. In contrast, anticipatory grip force control (planning) remains relatively intact. Age-related changes in anticipatory control seem to emerge only during more complex tasks. Conclusion: The relationship between task complexity and degree of age-related changes suggests that results from simple, laboratory-based tasks may only partially explain impairments observed during the performance of activities of daily living, since the latter ones are typically more complex. A better understanding of impaired manual dexterity experienced by elderly individuals could be achieved by expanding experimental paradigms so that they more closely resemble the complexities encountered in functional daily tasks. Subsequently, these findings could be used in clinical settings to develop treatment approaches that consider grasp control in the context of behaviorally meaningful tasks.

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Grip force control during gait initiation with a hand-held object

et al. 2008

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When walking with a hand-held object, grip force is coupled in an anticipatory manner to changes in inertial force resulting from the accelerations and decelerations of gait. However, it is not known how grip and inertial forces are organized at the onset of gait, and if the two forces are coupled in the early phases of gait initiation. Moreover, initiating walking with an object involves the coordination of anticipatory postural (e.g., ground reaction force changes) and grasping adjustments. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of ground reaction, grip, and inertial force onsets, and the subsequent development of the coupling of grip and inertial forces during gait initiation with a hand-held object. Ten subjects performed gait initiation with a hand-held object following predictable and unpredictable start signals. We found that ground reaction and grip force onsets were closely linked in time regardless of the predictability of the start signal. In the early period of gait initiation, the grip force started to increase prior to inertial force changes. While the strength of the coupling of grip and inertial forces was moderate in this early phase, it increased to values observed during steady-state gait after the swing foot left the ground. The early grip force increase and the coupling of grip and inertial forces represent an anticipatory control process. This process establishes an appropriate grip-inertial force ratio to ensure object stability during acceleration after foot-off and maintains this increased ratio thereafter. The results suggest that grasping and whole body movements are governed by a common internal representation.

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Effects of Gait Variations on Grip Force Coordination During Object Transport

Abstract: Gysin P, Kaminsk TR, Hass CJ, Grobet CE, Gordon AM. Effects of gait variations on grip force coordination during object transport.

Cited by 25 publications

References 70 publications

Aging effects on object transport during gait

Aging effects on object transport during gait

Finger Force Coordination Underlying Object Manipulation in the Elderly – A Mini-Review

Grip force control during gait initiation with a hand-held object

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