Effects of Friction Plate Hardness and Surface Orientation on the Frictional Properties of Cereal Grain

Kaliniewicz, Z.; Jadwisieńczak, Krzysztof; Żuk, Zbigniew; Konopka, S.; Frączyk, Adam; Krzysiak, Zbigniew

doi:10.1155/2020/6639233

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In general, the engineering properties of grains are very important for designing the basic parameters required for drying, storage, and equipment, particularly for their handling, processing, and storage (Bako & Bardey, 2020). This similar statement is also reported in various research works (Rodrigues et al, 2019;Fayed et al, 2020;Kaliniewicz et al, 2020;Etim et al, 2021;Kruszelnicka, 2021;Fadeyibi et al, 2021;Gierz et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Moisture Content on Frictional Properties of Some Selected Grains in Indonesia

Bintoro¹,

Zahra²,

Khansa³

et al. 2023

JST

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The frictional property of grains is one of the most important engineering parameters in developing solid bulk handling of grains. It is necessary for designing agricultural facilities and production process activities. These properties are expressed as internal friction angle (φ) and wall friction angle (θ), which are known to be affected by the moisture content of the grains. This research investigates the effect of moisture content on the values of φ and θ of some selected grains. In the research, some indigenous Indonesian grain types, including rough rice, white rice, corn, soybean, and coffee, each in three varieties and three level of moisture contents, were used as the research samples. Those angles were measured using a self-constructed direct shear cell apparatus. Three different normal loads for each grain type were used with three replications. It is concluded that φ and θ of the tested grains increase with moisture contents with different trends of increments. The relationship of those angles with moisture contents can be expressed as linear regression equations. The slope of the regression lines for both φ and θ is significantly affected by grain type (p<0.05). For φ, coffee (Excelsa) is the most susceptible to the change in moisture content, while dent corn (Hibrida) is the least affected one. For θ, soybean (Galunggung) is the most susceptible to the change in moisture content, while rough rice (Mapan 5) is the least affected one.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Moisture Content on Frictional Properties of Some Selected Grains in Indonesia

Bintoro¹,

Zahra²,

Khansa³

et al. 2023

JST

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“…This force can be modified by increasing the angle of inclination of the seed cell. A plane with adjustable inclination was used to determine the SFC adapting previously published works 26,27 . A set of 50 seeds were used in the experiment.…”

Section: Seed Cell Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the performance of a cylindrical hopper and metering device of a carrot seeder

Valentin

Białowiec

Karayel

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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A carrot seeder that utilizes a cylindrical component serving as both hopper/metering device to deposit seeds precisely into planting beds/hills at a uniform interval along a straight row over a plant bed was developed in this study. The seeder was evaluated at different operating speeds (89, 70, 61, 51, 48, 38, and 34 cm s−1) relative to mean number of seeds planted in each hill, hill center, scattering distance ratio, hill spacing and missed hills. The seeder was able to deposit seeds in each hill ranging from 2.8 to 4.0 at all speeds. The mean hill center and missed hills suggested that the seeder is best operated at speed under 70 cm s−1 with the respective values ranging from 0.9 to 1.6 cm and 0–5.5%. This indicates that number of the seeds dropped per hill was very uniform, which is a good indicator of the seeding performance. The hill center and missed hills at 89 cm s−1 were 3.08 cm and 16.67% respectively were significantly higher than at lower speeds. Other operating performances such as the mean number of seeds deposited in each hill and the distance between hills did not appear to vary with the planting speed. The scattering distance ratios of operating speeds from 34 to 61 cm s−1 were less than 30% and therefore acceptable for hill dropping of carrot seeds.

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“…Past research shows that friction at the micro-scale mainly depends on the molecular adhesion of two contacting bodies [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Thus, Li et al [5] present and bring clarification to the rice grinding process with millstones; specifically, they offer indications for the design of friction stone mills for rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A concrete example of optimization by investigating the exchange and properties of the hard/soft nanoparticles is described by Almessiere et al [9]. Other researchers have evaluated the effects of the friction plates' hardness and orientation of their surfaces on the static friction coefficient and the cereal seeds' angle [9,10]. The study of the external and internal friction coefficients of grain agricultural products, in static and dynamic friction regimes, was necessary, being the most important physical and mechanical characteristics of bulk seeds [11,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Grinding Process by Friction of Cereal Grains in Stone Mills

Ilie,

Cotici,

Hristache

2023

Processes

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The grinding process via friction at the micro-scale in a mill with stones is considered a variable combination of contacts, with two-body (the asperities of lower millstone in direct contact with the asperities of upper millstone) and three-body (micro-particles of ground seeds trapped between the asperities of lower and upper stones of the mill) contacts. Three elements are described: (1) the mechanical contact of the asperities of the lower and upper millstones to predict pressures on asperities by modeling; (2) tests on a millstone sample covered with grinding particles; and (3) tests on a wafer sample formed by the millstones with the grinding particles between them. This paper highlights the combined effects of the micro-scale friction via individual measurements, using an analytical model to sum these effects and validating the model by performing several experiments. An efficiency grind by friction assumes the grain’s movement and interaction between the seeds and solid surfaces, and is highlighted through theoretical and experimental studies. Topography analysis of the surface of the millstones reveals the model of microscopic frictional force. Endpoint measurements (the traces of the surface topography evolution) enable model verification in the grinding process. Thus, the results obtained in the grinding process in the stone mills via friction have practical utility through research benefits. Therefore, they allow for the improvement of quality, reliability, flexible grinding, quality control of the flours, and uniformity degree (fineness/shredding).

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Effects of Friction Plate Hardness and Surface Orientation on the Frictional Properties of Cereal Grain

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of Moisture Content on Frictional Properties of Some Selected Grains in Indonesia

Effect of Moisture Content on Frictional Properties of Some Selected Grains in Indonesia

Investigation of the performance of a cylindrical hopper and metering device of a carrot seeder

Study of the Grinding Process by Friction of Cereal Grains in Stone Mills

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