Effects of feeding pregnant beef cows selenium-enriched alfalfa hay on passive transfer of ovalbumin in their newborn calves

Abstract

Intestinal absorption of immunoglobulins is critical for health and survival of newborn calves because there is no transfer of immunoglobulins in utero. The objective of this study was to determine if feeding beef cows Se-enriched alfalfa hay during the last trimester of gestation improves passive transfer of ovalbumin (OVA), a surrogate protein marker for IgG absorption. Control cows (n = 15) were fed non-Se-fortified alfalfa hay (5.3 mg Se/head daily) plus a mineral supplement containing inorganic Se (3 mg Se/head daily). Med-Se (n = 15) and High-Se cows (n = 15) were fed Se-biofortified alfalfa hay (27.6 and 57.5 mg Se/head daily, respectively); both groups received mineral supplement without added Se. Calves were randomly assigned to receive orally administered OVA at 12, 24, or 36 h of age. Calves that received their oral dose of OVA at 12 h of age had higher serum OVA concentrations across the first 48 h of life if born to High-Se cows compared to calves born to Control cows (P = 0.05), with intermediate values for calves born to Med-Se cows. Our results, using OVA as a model for passive transfer, suggest that if calves do not receive adequate colostrum to reach maximum pinocytosis, then supranutritional Se supplementation in beef cattle may improve passive transfer in their calves, if calves receive colostrum within the first 12 h of age.

Bioefficacy of hydroxy-selenomethionine as a selenium supplement in pregnant dairy heifers and on the selenium status of their calves

“…The reason for the difference between colostrum and milk total Se concentration remains unclear and may simply reflect differences in milk secretory processes pre-and postpartum. However, the higher Se concentration of colostrum may confer benefits to the newborn in terms of the conferment of passive immunity; Apperson et al (2018) reported that passive intestinal transfer of ovalbumin was improved in calves born to Se-supplemented dams.…”

Revisiting Oxidative Stress and the Use of Organic Selenium in Dairy Cow Nutrition

“…However, the higher Se concentration of colostrum may confer benefits to the new-born in terms of the conferment of passive immunity. For example, it was reported that passive intestinal transfer of ovalbumin was improved in calves born to Se supplemented dams [166] and IgG transfer has been shown to be better from colostrum with a higher Se content [167].…”

Maternal Selenium and Developmental Programming

“…In particular, Se is known to play a role in immunocompetence through its incorporation into glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxin reductase [54]. A role of Se in enhancing offspring passive immunity through colostrum tranfer of immunoglobulins is well documented [55,56]. However, the source and level of supplementation in maternal diet is still debatable.…”