Effects of exercise vs experimental osteoarthritis on imaging outcomes

Kawcak, Chris E.; Frisbie, David D.; Werpy, Natasha M.; Park, R.D.; McIlwraith, C. Wayne

doi:10.1016/j.joca.2008.04.015

Cited by 66 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Overloads of the articular surfaces cause subchondral bone sclerosis (with occasional lysis or cyst-like lesions in subchondral bone) accompanied by bone osteophytes at the edges of the articular surfaces, which can be very large (Yang et al 2001). Enthesophytes at attachments within the fibrous joint capsule or ligaments and even dystrophic mineralization capsules may also be observed (McIIwraith and Vachon 1988;Pool 1996;Kawcak et al 2008;McIIwraith et al 2012). The proximity of the subchondral bones results in ankylosis (particularly in joints with little movement) during advanced stages of the disease (Kerbyson et al 2013).…”

Section: Clinical and Radiographic Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoarthritis in horses - Part 1: relationship between clinical and radiographic examination for the diagnosis

Souza

2016

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Section: Clinical and Radiographic Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoarthritis in horses - Part 1: relationship between clinical and radiographic examination for the diagnosis

Souza

2016

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…The major hallmarks of the clinical disease include destruction of the articular cartilage and alterations of the underlying subchondral bone (Figure 1), where the predominant features, sclerosis and edema, can be visualized using radiography and MRI respectively. [1][2][3][4] In the knee, characteristic changes of the menisci and the cruciate ligaments also occur. 5 Another common, although not obligatory, feature is the presence of osteophytes-bony and cartilaginous outgrowths that typically stem from the margins of the joint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the cartilage matrix in osteoarthritis

2010

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Osteoarthritis (OA) involves all the structures of the joint. How the disease is initiated and what factors trigger the disease process remain unclear, although the mechanical environment seems to have a role. Our understanding of the biology of the disease has been hampered by the lack of access to tissue samples from patients with early stage disease, because clinically recognizable symptoms appear late in the osteoarthritic process. However, new data about the early processes in articular cartilage and new tools to identify the early stages of OA are providing fresh insights into the pathological sequence of events. The progressive destruction of cartilage involves degradation of matrix constituents, and rather active, yet inefficient, repair attempts. The release of fragmented molecules provides opportunities to monitor the disease process in patients, and to investigate whether these fragments are involved in propagating OA, for example, by inducing inflammation. The role of bone has not been fully elucidated, but changes in bone seem to be secondary to alterations in articular cartilage, which change the mechanical environment of the bone cells and induce them, in turn, to modulate tissue structure.

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“…95 Interestingly, although the cartilage of the stifle is most similar to that of the human knee, the most frequently published surgical model of OA in the horse involves creation of an osteochondral defect in the middle carpal joint. 43,46,65 A similar, though nonterminal, osteochondral fragment model utilizing the metacarpophalangeal joint was recently reported, 20 and an impact model of the medial femoral condyle has been described. 17 However, the preponderance of experimental data in the carpus led to recommendations for histologic evaluation specific to this joint/model by the OARSI horse working group in its 2010 report.…”

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confidence: 83%

“…17 Macroscopic scoring systems for the carpal chip model and naturally occurring metacarpophalangeal joint disease have also been recommended (Supplemental Table 2). 97 It is worth reiterating that substantial effort has been placed into the development of advanced imaging modalities and identification of fluid-based biomarkers of disease in the horse, 43,65,99,140 largely because of the burden of naturally occurring disease in this species. It is likely that as these techniques are refined, they will become more widely used and may replace histologic evaluation, at least for intermediate study time points, to reduce the cost of horse models of OA.…”

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confidence: 99%

Animal Models of Osteoarthritis

2015

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is unquestionably one of the most important chronic health issues in humans, affecting millions of individuals and costing billions of dollars annually. Despite widespread awareness of this disease and its devastating impact, the pathogenesis of early OA is not completely understood, hampering the development of effective tools for early diagnosis and disease-modifying therapeutics. Most human tissue available for study is obtained at the time of joint replacement, when OA lesions are end stage and little can be concluded about the factors that played a role in disease development. To overcome this limitation, over the past 50 years, numerous induced and spontaneous animal models have been utilized to study disease onset and progression, as well as to test novel therapeutic interventions. Reflecting the heterogeneity of OA itself, no single ''gold standard'' animal model for OA exists; thus, a challenge for researchers lies in selecting the most appropriate model to answer a particular scientific question of interest. This review provides general considerations for model selection, as well as important features of species such as mouse, rat, guinea pig, sheep, goat, and horse, which researchers should be mindful of when choosing the ''best'' animal model for their intended purpose. Special consideration is given to key variations in pathology among species as well as recommended guidelines for reporting the histologic features of each model.

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Effects of exercise vs experimental osteoarthritis on imaging outcomes

Abstract: OA induced significant changes in imaging parameters beyond the adaptation seen with exercise. Bone edema detected with MRI was closely correlated with collagen biomarkers detected in the synovial fluid.

Cited by 66 publications

References 22 publications

Osteoarthritis in horses - Part 1: relationship between clinical and radiographic examination for the diagnosis

Osteoarthritis in horses - Part 1: relationship between clinical and radiographic examination for the diagnosis

The role of the cartilage matrix in osteoarthritis

Animal Models of Osteoarthritis

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