Effects of early leaf removal on grape yield, chemical characteristics, and antioxidant activity of grape variety Cabernet Sauvignon and wine from eastern Croatia

Drenjančević, Mato; Jukić, Vladimir; Zmaić, Krunoslav; Kujundžić, Toni; Rastija, Vesna

doi:10.1080/09064710.2017.1332238

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Also, a generally lower total phenol concentration can be noticed during 2016 in the Merlot variety. This is in accordance with previous research, that the weather conditions have a considerable impact on the amounts of antioxidant components in grape skin extracts [32]. As it can be seen from the Table 5 and Figure 1 because the cumulative rainfall was much higher, and min-max temperatures were lower for 2016, it could be concluded that precipitation is an important climatic factor in terms of the formation of phenolic compounds in the skin of grapes [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Our previous work [32] showed that early leaf removal treatments resulted in statistically significant increased total phenolic concentration, total anthocyanin compounds, and antioxidant activity measured in extracts of grape skin. Therefore we performed ecologically acceptable defoliation of Blaufränkisch and Merlot grape ( Vitis vinifera L.) leaves to investigate the effect of two different times of defoliation: immediately after bloom and before the start of the véraison phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Defoliation on Phenolic Concentrations, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Grape Skin Extracts of the Varieties Blaufränkisch and Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.)

et al. 2019

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Vitis vinifera L. has been highlighted by its many positive effects on human health, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity due to its rich phytochemical content. Removing six basal leaves has great potential to influence the production of phytochemicals. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of different terms of defoliation on the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of grape skin extracts of the Blaufränkisch and Merlot varieties. The total phenolic concentration, total and individual anthocyanin concentration, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity on gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogens have been determined. The study was conducted on three treatments (control treatment without defoliation, defoliation immediately after bloom and defoliation before the start of the véraison phase). The results showed statistically significant enhancement of the total phenolic concentration as well as the antioxidant and antibacterial activity in both studied cultivars. Defoliation just after blooming was the preferable defoliation term in the Merlot variety for achieving the highest total anthocyanin concentration, antioxidant activity and significant increase of antibacterial activity against all four investigated bacteria. Defoliation before the start of the véraison phase was the preferable defoliation term for achieving the highest total anthocyanin concentration in the Blaufränkisch variety. In general, treatment of defoliation immediately after bloom was more beneficial compared with the defoliation before the start of the véraison phase.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Defoliation on Phenolic Concentrations, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Grape Skin Extracts of the Varieties Blaufränkisch and Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.)

et al. 2019

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“…Previous studies have shown the effect of pre-flowering leaf removal on grapevine growth, wood carbohydrates reserves, and chlorophyll fluorescence (Risco et al 2014;Drenjančević et al 2017). Palliotti et al (2011) reported that early defoliation was effective in limiting yield per vine and berry weight, while improving berry skin mass in consecutive years, besides improving the control of vigor.…”

Section: Cultural Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grapevine abiotic stress assessment and search for sustainable adaptation strategies in Mediterranean-like climates. A review

Bernardo

Dinis

Machado

et al. 2018

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Foreseen climate change points to shifts in agricultural production patterns worldwide, which may impact ecosystems directly, as well as the economic and cultural contexts of the wine industry. Moreover, the combined effects of environmental threats (light, temperature, and water relations) at different scales are expected to impair natural grapevine mechanisms, decreasing yield and the quality of grapes. Hence, the interaction between several factors, such as climate, terroir features, grapevine stress responses, site-specific spatial-temporal variability, and the management practices applied, which represents and effective challenge for sustainable Mediterranean viticulture, allowed researchers to develop adaptive strategies to cope with environmental stresses. Here, we review the effects of abiotic stresses on Mediterranean-like climate viticulture and the impacts of summer stress on grapevine growth, yield, and quality potential, as well as the subsequent plant responses and the available adaptation strategies for winegrowers and researchers. Our main findings are as follows: (1) environmental stresses can trigger dynamic responses in grapevines, comprising photosynthesis, phenology, hormonal balance, berry composition, and the antioxidant machinery; (2) field research methodologies, laboratory techniques, and precision viticulture are essential tools to evaluate grapevine performance and the potential quality for wine production; and (3) advances in the existing adaptation strategies are vital to maintain sustainability and regional wine identity in a changing climate. Also, these topics suggest that rational and focused management of grapevines may enlighten grapevine summer stress responses and improve the resilience of agro-ecosystems under harsh conditions. Despite the challenge of developing different strategic responses, winegrowers should clearly define their objectives, so applied research can provide rational technical support for the decision making process towards sustainable viticulture.

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“…It is also applied to increase penetration of fungicide sprays and decrease disease incidence. LR can lead to increased levels of TSS (Bledsoe, 1988;Intrieri et al, 2008;Kemp, 2010), total anthocyanins (Tardaguila et al, 2010;Drenjančević et al, 2017), and decreased titratable acidity (TA) (Petrie et al, 2003). However, different results can be observed depending on the climate, variety and time of application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of cluster thinning and leaf removal timing on the grape quality and concentration of monomeric anthocyanins in Cabernet-Sauvignon and Probus (Vitis vinifera L.) wines

Ivanišević¹,

Kalajdžić

Drenjančević

et al. 2020

OENO One

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Aim: Leaf removal around clusters and cluster thinning are techniques usually applied in cool-climate vineyards in order to achieve optimal grape maturity. However, the impact of the timing of these two operations differs across varieties. Thus, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of cluster thinning and leaf removal timing (performed at three specific time points) on grape quality and monomeric anthocyanins in the wines of Cabernet-Sauvignon and Probus (Kadarka × Cabernet-Sauvignon, Vitis vinifera L.)Methods and results: The experiment was conducted in Sremski Karlovci (Northern Serbia) in 2014, 2015, and 2016. Leaf removal was applied on six basal nodes of each shoot at three time points, 7 days after flowering, 30 days after flowering, and at veraison, i.e., at the onset of berry ripening. After cluster thinning, which was performed 7 days after flowering, one cluster per shoot was retained. On the treated vines, leaf removal treatment and cluster thinning were applied only once. Leaf removal was more effective than cluster thinning in respect to grape quality. Leaf removal, applied 7 and 30 days after flowering, decreased titratable acidity in Cabernet-Sauvignon, while in Probus an interaction of leaf removal and year was observed. Moreover, early leaf removal decreased the incidence of Botrytis sp. in Probus. The varieties reacted differently to cluster thinning in respect to grape quality: cluster thinning increased total soluble solids in Probus and lowered titratable acidity in Cabernet-Sauvignon. In 2015, both cluster thinning and leaf removal yielded changes in the anthocyanin ratios in the wines. Cluster thinning increased total and acylated anthocyanins in the wine of Cabernet-Sauvignon compared to wine derived from unthinned vines. The peonidin content was 40 % higher in the Cabernet-Sauvignon wine if the vines were subjected to leaf removal treatments.Conclusions: Cluster thinning and leaf removal affected both Cabernet-Sauvignon and Probus (Vitis vinifera L.) grape quality and wine composition. Early leaf removal was the most effective treatment in both varieties. Therefore, combined application of cluster thinning and early leaf removal is highly recommended in the production of high-quality red wines in Serbia.Significance and impact of the study: Timing of leaf removal application was usually investigated around flowering and veraison. Our results suggested that leaf removal between these two phenological stages also improves grape quality and changes the ratio of the monomeric anthocyanins in the wine.

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Effects of early leaf removal on grape yield, chemical characteristics, and antioxidant activity of grape variety Cabernet Sauvignon and wine from eastern Croatia

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of Defoliation on Phenolic Concentrations, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Grape Skin Extracts of the Varieties Blaufränkisch and Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.)

Effects of Defoliation on Phenolic Concentrations, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Grape Skin Extracts of the Varieties Blaufränkisch and Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.)

Grapevine abiotic stress assessment and search for sustainable adaptation strategies in Mediterranean-like climates. A review

The impact of cluster thinning and leaf removal timing on the grape quality and concentration of monomeric anthocyanins in Cabernet-Sauvignon and Probus (Vitis vinifera L.) wines

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