Effects of diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) on the endocannabinoid and reproductive systems of male gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) during the spawning season

Abstract

Conflicts of interests: none.-2011 (prot 2010W87LBJ) to OC and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the TNA programme (project ID AE030014) within AQUAEXCEL 2020 project (652831) to IFP and OC for accessing to IATS-CSIC facilities. This output reflects only the author's view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The authors would like to thank the assistance of Marco Allarà for the enzymatic activity assay and Roberta Verde for assistance with the LC-MS/MS analyses.

Effects of Dietary Bisphenol A on the Reproductive Function of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Testes

“…Comparing the steroidogenic effects of BPA with that induced by DiNP in our previous ones [44], similar results were found regarding the lower levels of 11-KT associated with higher levels of T. Unlike DiNP, BPA did not modify the plasma E 2 levels. However, while DiNP reduced the levels of 17,20β-P, BPA increased them.…”

“…On the other hand, different trends have been observed for sperm concentration: while in the brown trout it was reduced [13]; [34] reported unaltered sperm concentrations for rare minnows exposed to 15 and 225 µg BPA/L, which was in agreement with our results. As it was previously reported [44], differences in sperm parameters were found between PRE-CTRL and POST-CTRL groups, likely associated with the different sampling time. PRE-CTRL group was sampled during January, and POST-CTRL in late February, during the peak of the spawning season.…”

“…Therefore, two hypotheses were formulated: 1) BPA may exert a different effect at the transcriptional and translational/post-translational levels, or 2) transcription and translation can be uncoupled in testes [53,54]. The effects of BPA on ECS were similar to that observed with DiNP [44] suggesting a similar ECS control by these two contaminants.…”

“…Two-year-old gilthead sea bream (461.09 ± 16.93 gr; 301.7 ± 10.7 mm) were maintained at the AQUALABS facilities of the Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture of the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Iraklion, Crete, Greece, following the conditions reported previously [44,60]. Gilthead sea bream are protandrous hermaphrodites, and at two years of age all individuals function as males with developed testis and previtellogenic ovaries.…”

“…After 3 months of acclimation and before the beginning of the experimentation, and following previous publications [44,60], the sperm quality parameters were assessed in January to obtain the pre-treatment data (PRE-CTRL), as explained below. Then, the fish were divided into three groups of 10 specimens (in duplicates) and left to acclimatize in the experimental tanks (2 m 3 ).…”