Effects of Different Environmental Factors on the Growth and Bioactive Substance Accumulation of Porphyridium purpureum

Abstract

Genus Porphyridium is a primitive single-celled red algae widely distributed in seawater, freshwater, and moist soil. It can synthesize bioactive substances such as phycoerythrin, extracellular polysaccharides and polyunsaturated fatty acids during the growth process. In this paper, the culture and bioactive substance yield of Porphyridium purpureum were studied by setting salinity, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio, and pH at different gradient levels. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the growth of P. purpureum were salinity 34 ppt, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio 169:1, and pH 8; the optimal conditions for obtaining the polysaccharides were salinity 17 ppt, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio 14:1, and pH 8; the optimal conditions for obtaining phycoerythrin were salinity 17 ppt, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio 68:1, and pH 8; the optimal conditions for obtaining the lipids were salinity 34 ppt, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio 1:1, and pH 8. In actual production applications, culture conditions should be set according to different product accumulation purposes in order to achieve the optimal production efficiency.

Enhancing Phycoerythrin Production of Marine Red Microalga Porphyridium purpureum with Low Salinity and Semi-Continuous Culture Strategy

“…In the present study, the highest phycoerythrin content was obtained under low salinity (10 ppt) conditions, suggesting that low salinity might enhance the accumulation of phycoerythrin. This result was similar to the study reported by Lu et al (2020), which showed that the phycoerythrin content in P. purpureum FACHB-806 at 17 ppt salinity was 57% higher than that at 34 ppt salinity [ 19 ]. Other microalgae containing phycobiliproteins, such as Phormidium sp.…”

Enhancing Phycoerythrin Production of Marine Red Microalga Porphyridium purpureum with Low Salinity and Semi-Continuous Culture Strategy

“…In the present study, the highest phycoerythrin content was obtained under low salinity (10 ppt) conditions, suggesting that low salinity might enhance the accumulation of phycoerythrin. This result was similar to the study reported by Lu et al (2020), which showed that the phycoerythrin content in P. purpureum FACHB-806 at 17 ppt salinity was 57% higher than that at 34 ppt salinity [ 19 ]. Other microalgae containing phycobiliproteins, such as Phormidium sp.…”

Malaysian Virgin Soil Extracts as Natural Growth Enhancer for Targeted Green Microalgae Species

“…In addition, the Redfeld ratio (C:N:P = 106:16:1 atomic ratio) has been set as the benchmark nitrogen to phosphorus ratio to optimally grow phytoplankton. However, different phytoplankton has different needs for nutrients to support their growth process [35]. In the present study, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was quite similar between the soil extracts and the presence of a carbon ratio within the range of 162 to 164 supported the growth of Nannochloropsis spp.…”

“…A study carried out by Allaguvatova [34] reported enhanced production of Chlorella vulgaris due to the addition of soil extracts and vitamins to the culture medium as evidenced by the increase in the optical density. Similarly, Porphyridium purpureum cultivated in Kock medium in addition to soil extracts promoted the growth of the microalgae as revealed by the research established by Lu [35].…”

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Crude Polysaccharides from Dendrobium denneanum (A Genuine Medicinal Herb of Sichuan) on Acute Gastric Ulcer Model in Rats

“…This study found that the total sugar content (20–51.49%) and yield (0.29–1.76%) of DDP from 22 habitats varied significantly, which may be closely related to local cultivation methods and environmental conditions [ 18 ]. In the field of Chinese medicinal materials, the regulatory effect of environmental factors on the accumulation of bioactive substances has been widely confirmed: for example, The results showed that the optimal conditions for the growth of P. purpureum were salinity 34 ppt, N:P ratio 169:1, and pH 8; for polysaccharide acquisition, they were salinity 17 ppt, N:P ratio 14:1, and pH 8; for phycoerythrin acquisition, salinity 17 ppt, N:P ratio 68:1, and pH 8; and for lipid acquisition, salinity 34 ppt, N:P ratio 1:1, and pH 8 [ 19 ]; Ecological factors such as annual mean precipitation and average temperature significantly affect the content of bioactive components in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T.S. Ying, with annual mean precipitation being the key determinant and showing a significant negative correlation with bioactive components.…”

Enhancing Phycoerythrin Production of Marine Red Microalga Porphyridium purpureum with Low Salinity and Semi-Continuous Culture Strategy

“…In the present study, the highest phycoerythrin content was obtained under low salinity (10 ppt) conditions, suggesting that low salinity might enhance the accumulation of phycoerythrin. This result was similar to the study reported by Lu et al (2020), which showed that the phycoerythrin content in P. purpureum FACHB-806 at 17 ppt salinity was 57% higher than that at 34 ppt salinity [ 19 ]. Other microalgae containing phycobiliproteins, such as Phormidium sp.…”

Malaysian Virgin Soil Extracts as Natural Growth Enhancer for Targeted Green Microalgae Species

“…In addition, the Redfeld ratio (C:N:P = 106:16:1 atomic ratio) has been set as the benchmark nitrogen to phosphorus ratio to optimally grow phytoplankton. However, different phytoplankton has different needs for nutrients to support their growth process [35]. In the present study, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was quite similar between the soil extracts and the presence of a carbon ratio within the range of 162 to 164 supported the growth of Nannochloropsis spp.…”

“…A study carried out by Allaguvatova [34] reported enhanced production of Chlorella vulgaris due to the addition of soil extracts and vitamins to the culture medium as evidenced by the increase in the optical density. Similarly, Porphyridium purpureum cultivated in Kock medium in addition to soil extracts promoted the growth of the microalgae as revealed by the research established by Lu [35].…”

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Crude Polysaccharides from Dendrobium denneanum (A Genuine Medicinal Herb of Sichuan) on Acute Gastric Ulcer Model in Rats

“…This study found that the total sugar content (20–51.49%) and yield (0.29–1.76%) of DDP from 22 habitats varied significantly, which may be closely related to local cultivation methods and environmental conditions [ 18 ]. In the field of Chinese medicinal materials, the regulatory effect of environmental factors on the accumulation of bioactive substances has been widely confirmed: for example, The results showed that the optimal conditions for the growth of P. purpureum were salinity 34 ppt, N:P ratio 169:1, and pH 8; for polysaccharide acquisition, they were salinity 17 ppt, N:P ratio 14:1, and pH 8; for phycoerythrin acquisition, salinity 17 ppt, N:P ratio 68:1, and pH 8; and for lipid acquisition, salinity 34 ppt, N:P ratio 1:1, and pH 8 [ 19 ]; Ecological factors such as annual mean precipitation and average temperature significantly affect the content of bioactive components in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T.S. Ying, with annual mean precipitation being the key determinant and showing a significant negative correlation with bioactive components.…”

Enhancing Phycoerythrin Production of Marine Red Microalga Porphyridium purpureum with Low Salinity and Semi-Continuous Culture Strategy

“…In the present study, the highest phycoerythrin content was obtained under low salinity (10 ppt) conditions, suggesting that low salinity might enhance the accumulation of phycoerythrin. This result was similar to the study reported by Lu et al (2020), which showed that the phycoerythrin content in P. purpureum FACHB-806 at 17 ppt salinity was 57% higher than that at 34 ppt salinity [ 19 ]. Other microalgae containing phycobiliproteins, such as Phormidium sp.…”

Malaysian Virgin Soil Extracts as Natural Growth Enhancer for Targeted Green Microalgae Species

“…In addition, the Redfeld ratio (C:N:P = 106:16:1 atomic ratio) has been set as the benchmark nitrogen to phosphorus ratio to optimally grow phytoplankton. However, different phytoplankton has different needs for nutrients to support their growth process [35]. In the present study, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was quite similar between the soil extracts and the presence of a carbon ratio within the range of 162 to 164 supported the growth of Nannochloropsis spp.…”

“…A study carried out by Allaguvatova [34] reported enhanced production of Chlorella vulgaris due to the addition of soil extracts and vitamins to the culture medium as evidenced by the increase in the optical density. Similarly, Porphyridium purpureum cultivated in Kock medium in addition to soil extracts promoted the growth of the microalgae as revealed by the research established by Lu [35].…”

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Crude Polysaccharides from Dendrobium denneanum (A Genuine Medicinal Herb of Sichuan) on Acute Gastric Ulcer Model in Rats

“…This study found that the total sugar content (20–51.49%) and yield (0.29–1.76%) of DDP from 22 habitats varied significantly, which may be closely related to local cultivation methods and environmental conditions [ 18 ]. In the field of Chinese medicinal materials, the regulatory effect of environmental factors on the accumulation of bioactive substances has been widely confirmed: for example, The results showed that the optimal conditions for the growth of P. purpureum were salinity 34 ppt, N:P ratio 169:1, and pH 8; for polysaccharide acquisition, they were salinity 17 ppt, N:P ratio 14:1, and pH 8; for phycoerythrin acquisition, salinity 17 ppt, N:P ratio 68:1, and pH 8; and for lipid acquisition, salinity 34 ppt, N:P ratio 1:1, and pH 8 [ 19 ]; Ecological factors such as annual mean precipitation and average temperature significantly affect the content of bioactive components in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T.S. Ying, with annual mean precipitation being the key determinant and showing a significant negative correlation with bioactive components.…”