Effects of Different Amine Activators on the Monomer Conversion, Biaxial Flexural Strength, and Color Stability of Experimental Provisional Dental Restorations

Abstract

Objective The aim was to assess the effect of different amine activators including N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMPT) or Na-N-tolyglycine glycidyl methacrylate (NTGGMA) on chemical-activated monomer conversion, biaxial flexural strength (BFS), and color stability of composites for provisional dental restorations. Materials and Methods Two formulations of composites containing either DMPT (D-temp) or NTGGMA (N-temp) were prepared. The degree of monomer conversion was assessed. The BFS of the materials was tested using the ball-on-ring testing jig. The color difference (∆E00) of the materials after immersion in water was also determined. The commercial comparisons were Unifast (UF), Protemp (PT), Luxacrown, and Luxatemp (LT). Results The monomer conversion of D-temp (57.4 ± 1.3%) was comparable to that of N-temp (59.0 ± 1.3%). The conversion of both D-temp and N-temp were higher than that of PT (48.1 ± 3.4%) and LT (48.0 ± 1.6%). BFS of both D-temp (164.2 ± 18.1 MPa) and N-temp (168.6 ± 8.9 MPa) were comparable but higher than that of UF (119.8 ± 13.6 MPa). ∆E00 of D-temp (2.7 ± 0.7) and N-temp (2.5 ± 0.8) were comparable but higher than that of other commercial materials (0.6–1.2). Conclusion The use of DMPT or NTGGMA showed negligible effect on monomer conversion, BFS, and color stability of the experimental provisional restorations. The conversion and BFS of the experimental materials were in the range of that obtained from commercial bis-acryl-based materials. However, the color stability of the experimental materials was lower than that of commercial materials.

Biaxial flexural strength of different provisional restorative materials under chemo‐mechanical aging: An in vitro study

“…All the specimen and jig dimensions are considered in the BFS equation used. 13,19 For this study, the specimens' diameter was 10 mm, according to Padunglappisit et al 14 The thickness was set for 2 mm to simulate the occlusal clearance in crown preparation and to avoid premature fracture during mechanical aging. An Isomet precision diamond saw was used for cutting of the CAD-CAM-milled cylinders to minimize the waste of the material and for standardization.…”

“…All the specimen and jig dimensions are considered in the BFS equation used 13,19 . For this study, the specimens’ diameter was 10 mm, according to Padunglappisit et al 14 . The thickness was set for 2 mm to simulate the occlusal clearance in crown preparation and to avoid premature fracture during mechanical aging.…”

“…A custom‐made‐split Teflon mold with dimensions of (10 mm diameter × 2 mm thickness) 14 was used for the fabrication of the disc specimen for all the conventional materials. Each material was mixed, placed, and polymerized according to its manufacturer's instructions.…”

Effects of Sr/F-Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles and Calcium Phosphate on Monomer Conversion, Biaxial Flexural Strength, Surface Microhardness, Mass/Volume Changes, and Color Stability of Dual-Cured Dental Composites for Core Build-Up Materials

“…The measurement was conducted following the protocol reported in the previous study [ 48 ]. Briefly, disc specimens were prepared and immersed in deionized water at a controlled temperature of 37 °C for 7 days.…”

Comparative Properties of Porous Phyllosilicate-Based Ceramics Shaped by Freeze-Tape Casting

“…The speed of elongation was set at 1 mm/min. The experimental procedure was performed according to standards in the case of a piston-ring configuration by ASTM F394-78 [33] and other previous works [34]. The calculations proposed by Kirsten and Woolley [35] allowed Glandus [36] to reach the formula Equation ( 3).…”