Effects of dietary vitamin C on growth, gonad development and antioxidant ability of on-growing gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS III)

Abstract

An 88-day experiment was conducted in a flowing system to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin C on growth, body composition, antioxidant and gonad development of on-growing gibel carp. Triplicate tanks of gibel carp (77.2 AE 0.1 g) were randomly fed with one of seven experimental diets containing L-ascorbic acid of 0, 101.1, 188.5, 313.1, 444.1, 582.1 and 747.0 mg/kg, respectively. The results showed that specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE) of fish were not affected by dietary L-ascorbic acid. Dietary L-ascorbic acid of 444.1 mg/kg diet led to low levels (p < .05) of gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in on-growing fish, as well as the early ovarian stages (Developing stages) compared with fish (Maturing stages) from the other groups. Dietary L-ascorbic acid supplementation increased (p < .05) the dorsal muscle collagen content, but did not affect the protein or lipid content of dorsal muscle in gibel carp.Plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased (p < .05) and then remained unchanged with the increase in dietary L-ascorbic acid levels. Dietary L-ascorbic acid of 101.1 mg/kg diet improved (p < .05) plasma lysozyme activity of the fish. Broken-line regression indicated that dietary L-ascorbic acid requirement of 77 g gibel carp was 223.3 or 225.0 mg/kg diet based on plasma T-AOC or SOD activity, which was a little higher than that based on plasma L-ascorbic acid concentration (193.2 mg/kg). K E Y W O R D Santioxidant, Carassius auratus gibelio, on-growing, ovarian stages, vitamin C

Effect of dietary vitamin C on growth performance, body composition and biochemical parameters of juvenile Chu's croaker (Nibea coibor)

“…In the present study, the hepatic SOD, T‐AOC and CAT activities increased with vitamin C levels from 2.24 to 171.16 mg/kg, beyond which they decreased. These data suggested that, dietary vitamin C enhanced the hepatic SOD, T‐AOC and CAT activities (Cheng, Liang, & Guo, ), but higher doses did not have any beneficial effects on antioxidant capacity, similar to previous results reported in cobia (Zhou et al, ), Chinese sucker (Huang et al, ) and gibel carp (Shao et al, ). The optimum vitamin C requirement for proper functioning of antioxidant capacity in Chu's croaker was estimated as 103.78 mg/kg based on liver SOD activity.…”

“…The LZM activity is often used to evaluate the innate immune capacity of fish as it is ubiquitously distributed among living organisms (Saurabh & Sahoo, ). Furthermore, AKP is a polyfunctional hydrolase enzyme involved in the immune defence system of some fishes (Shao et al, ; Yan, Tian, Dong, Fang, & Yang, ). The AKP plays an important role in improving the recognition ability and phagocytosis by changing the surface structure of the pathogens and strengthening the disease resistance (Lazado, Lund, Pedersen, & Nguyen, ).…”

“…Immunity response is one of the important parameters influenced by dietary vitamin C supplementation through its antioxidant capacity in many animal species (Gao et al, ; Lee, Oe, & Blair, ; Roginsky & Stegmann, ). It has been shown that dietary vitamin C enhances the antioxidant capacity in various farmed fish, such as gibel carp ( Carassius auratus gibelio ) (Shao et al, ), cobia (Zhou et al, ), large yellow croaker (Ai et al, ), grouper ( Epinephelus malabaricus ) (Lin & Shiau, ) and Japanese sea bass ( Lateolabrax japonicas ) (Ai et al, ). Accordingly, dietary vitamin C enhanced significantly the immunological parameters (Khan et al, ), such as lysozyme (LZM) (Ai et al, , ; Wang et al, ; Xu et al, ) and AKP (Ming et al, ; Wan et al, ).…”

Influence of antioxidants on the growth performance, gonadosomatic index and biochemical properties of gonad and fertilization success in koi carp (Cyprinus carpioL.)

“…Similarly, Shao et al (2018) reported in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio var.) fed with dietary L-ascorbic acid of 444.1 mg/kg in supplemented diet.…”

Dietary vitamin C requirement of juvenile grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) and its effects on growth attributes, organ indices, whole‐body composition and biochemical parameters

“…Alkaline phosphatase is a multifunctional hydrolase enzyme having a role in the immunity of some fish species (Shao et al, 2018). It also has a role in identifying pathogen and phagocytosis by altering the surface structure of pathogens and improving disease resistance (Lazado et al, 2015).…”