Effects of dietary supplementation with arachidonic acid on platelet and renal function in patients with cirrhosis

Pantaleo, Pietro; Marra, Fabio; Vizzutti, Francesco; Spadoni, S.; Ciabattoni, Giovanni; Galli, Cláudio; Villa, Giorgio La; Geñtilini, Paolo; Laffi, Giacomo

doi:10.1042/cs20030182

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In vivo PG production by dietary supplements with pure ARA (e.g., 6 g/day for 2-3 weeks in humans) can be slightly increased [19]. These studies suggest that eicosanoid formation is not promptly influenced by ARA dietary intake, at least within the range of traditional human diets [20, 21]. However, it has been shown that very high amounts of fish oil may decrease PG formation with consequent weak anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects [22].…”

Section: Effects Of Epa and Dha On Oxygenated Eicosanoid Biosynthementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Properties of Dietary Omega-3-Enriched Phospholipids

Murru

Banni

Carta

2013

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dietary fatty acids regulate several physiological functions. However, to exert their properties, they have to be present in the diet in an optimal balance. Particular attention has been focused on tissue highly polyunsaturated fatty acids (HPUFAs) n-6/n-3 ratio, influenced by the type and the esterified form of dietary fatty acids. Dietary EPA and DHA when esterified to phospholipids (PLs) are more efficiently incorporated into tissue PLs and seem to possess peculiar properties through specific mechanism(s) of action, such as the capacity to affect endocannabinoid biosynthesis at much lower doses than EPA and DHA in triglyceride form, probably because of the above mentioned higher incorporation into tissue PLs. Downregulation of the endocannabinoid system seems to mediate the positive effects exerted by omega-3-enriched PLs on several parameters of metabolic syndrome. PLs are one of the major dietary forms of EPA and DHA we are exposed to with the everyday diet; therefore, it is not surprising that it guarantees an effective EPA and DHA nutritional activity. Future studies should address whether EPA and DHA in PL form are also more effective than other formulations in ameliorating other pathological conditions where n-3 HPUFAs seem to exert beneficial activities such as cancer and psychiatric disorders.

show abstract

Section: Effects Of Epa and Dha On Oxygenated Eicosanoid Biosynthementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Properties of Dietary Omega-3-Enriched Phospholipids

Murru

Banni

Carta

2013

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In humans and in animal models of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, there is a clear hypoaggregability, as demonstrated with in vitro aggregation tests (the gold standard) 5, 61, 65–74 and with flowcytometric analysis of stimulation dependent antigens (e.g. P‐selectin) 70 .…”

Section: Platelet Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: blood platelet number and function in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis

Witters

Freson

Verslype

et al. 2008

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

155

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Background The liver plays a central role in coagulation and fibrinolysis but is also closely intertwined with the function and number of blood platelets. Aim To describe and integrate all literature concerning blood platelets and liver disease by performing a thorough literature research. Methods A thorough literature research on ‘blood platelets’ and ‘liver disease’ was performed. Results Thrombocytopenia is a marked feature of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Traditionally, this thrombocytopenia was attributed to passive platelet sequestration in the spleen. More recent insights suggest an increased platelet breakdown and to a lesser extent decreased platelet production plays a more important role. Besides the reduction in number, other studies suggest functional platelet defects. This platelet dysfunction is probably both intrinsic to the platelets and secondary to soluble plasma factors. It reflects not only a decrease in aggregability, but also an activation of the intrinsic inhibitory pathways. The net effect, finally, is a decreased platelet function in the various types of chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis. Finally, recent data suggest that platelets are not only affected by but can also contribute to the liver disease process, as for instance, in viral hepatitis and cholestatic liver disease. Conclusion Platelet research in liver disease is a growing area of investigation and could provide new pathophysiological insights.

show abstract

“…9, 10 Arachidonic acid and its lipid metabolites have important roles in human inflammatory diseases, 11, 12, 13 which suggests that 12/15-LO can be a pathogenic player that mediates inflammatory responses in vivo . 12/15-LO is widely expressed in the CNS, 14, 15 and has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of 12/15-lipoxygenase by baicalein induces microglia PPARβ/δ: a potential therapeutic role for CNS autoimmune disease

Zhang

Xiao

et al. 2013

Cell Death Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

12/15-Lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) is an enzyme that converts polyunsaturated fatty acids into bioactive lipid derivatives. In this study, we showed that inhibition of 12/15-LO by baicalein (BA) significantly attenuated clinical severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Inhibited migration of autoimmune T cells into the central nervous system (CNS) by BA treatment could be attributed to reduced activation of microglia, which was indicated by suppressed phagocytosis, and decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the CNS. We further observed that inhibition of 12/15-LO with BA led to increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ in microglia of EAE mice. This was confirmed in vitro in primary microglia and a microglia cell line, BV2. In addition, we demonstrated that BA did not affect 12/15-LO or 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) expression in microglia, but significantly decreased 12/15-LO products without influencing the levels of 5-LO metabolites. Moreover, among these compounds only 12/15-LO metabolite 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid was able to reverse BA-mediated upregulation of PPARβ/δ in BV2 cells. We also showed that inhibition of microglia activation by PPARβ/δ was associated with repressed NF-κB and MAPK activities. Our findings indicate that inhibition of 12/15-LO induces PPARβ/δ, demonstrating important regulatory properties of 12/15-LO in CNS inflammation. This reveals potential therapeutic applications for MS.

show abstract

Effects of dietary supplementation with arachidonic acid on platelet and renal function in patients with cirrhosis

Cited by 25 publications

References 29 publications

Nutritional Properties of Dietary Omega-3-Enriched Phospholipids

Nutritional Properties of Dietary Omega-3-Enriched Phospholipids

Review article: blood platelet number and function in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis

Inhibition of 12/15-lipoxygenase by baicalein induces microglia PPARβ/δ: a potential therapeutic role for CNS autoimmune disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About