Effects of dietary sodium butyrate on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal histomorphology and immune response in juvenile Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus Pengze)

Dietary sodium butyrate administration alleviates high soybean meal-induced growth retardation and enteritis of orange-spotted groupers (Epinephelus coioides)

“…After dietary SB intervention, the intestinal activities of trypsin and protease were enhanced in comparison with HSBM group and showed an increasing trend with increasing dietary SB inclusion levels. As evidenced by previous studies of SB intervention on poor growth caused by high SBM feeding, on account of the ability of SB to activate digestive enzyme activity (Tian et al, 2017;Fang et al, 2021;Xie et al, 2021).…”

“…In animal feeding practice, SB, as a substitute for butyric acid, is often used as a functional additive in livestock and poultry feeds as well as aquafeeds (Bedford and Gong, 2018;Lin et al, 2020). The positive effects of dietary SB supplementation on growth performance have been achieved in fish such as turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) (Liu et al, 2019;Yu et al, 2021), yellow drum (Nibea albiflora) (Wu et al, 2020) and Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus Pengze) (Fang et al, 2021). The above study results showed that SB supplementation in high-SBM diets could alleviate SBMIE of fish by promoting digestion and absorption capacity and maintaining the integrity of intestinal morphology and structure, as well as intestinal microbial homeostasis (Liu et al, 2019).…”

Probiotics Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis reshape the intestinal microbiota of Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze) fed with high plant protein diets

“…Therefore, the alteration in the microbial composition caused a notable variation in the microbial metabolic function in the intestine of carp in present study. Accordingly, high plant protein diets disturbed the stability of intestinal microbiota and induced microbial dysfunctions, contributing to the inhibition in the growth performance of Pengze crucian carp ( 29 , 35 , 36 ). Meanwhile, due to the increase of opportunistic pathogen Aeromonas , the microbial function related to lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis was dramatically increased in carp fed high plant protein diets, and this was maybe one important reason for the occurrence of intestinal inflammation induced by plant protein since lipopolysaccharide could trigger TLR4-mediated inflammatory pathway ( 54 ).…”

“…Pengze) is a widely farmed freshwater omnivorous fish in China. Previous studies of crucian carp confirmed that high plant protein diets were damaged to the intestinal health ( 29 , 30 ), while probiotics Bacillus could recover the negative effects and improve growth, antioxidant capability and filet quality ( 31 – 34 ). The studies about Pengze crucian carp have documented that B. cereus ( 35 , 36 ) and B. subtilis ( 37 ) could improve the growth performance and intestinal health status, while the two probiotics on intestinal microbiota was unclear.…”

“…Therefore, intestinal microbiota is considered to be an auxiliary metabolic organ and participate in metabolic process of host, such as amino acid, carbohydrate, energy, and lipid metabolism through provision of fermentation end products (23-26). Relying on complex species-species interactions, the bacterial community maintains its stability in the intestine, and also accomplishes a system metabolic function simultaneously (27,28).…”