Effects of dietary restraint and weight gain attitudes on gestational weight gain

Heery, Emily; Wall, Patrick; Kelleher, Cecily; McAuliffe, Fionnuala M.

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.103

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…42,43,47 The Revised Restraint Scale (RRS) was used by three studies that adapted the wordings of the questionnaire in order to inquire retrospectively about restrained eating prior to pregnancy. 46,51,54 The Food Craving Inventory 31 was used by two studies. 39,43 Two studies 32,48 used the Intuitive Eating Scale-2, 55 and two studies 35,56 used the Intuitive Eating Scale for Pregnancy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GWG and restrained eating were studied by 11 of the included papers. Four of these showed associations between higher restrained eating and increased GWG; 33,46,51,54 the remaining seven studies did not find associations. 37,38,[40][41][42][43]47 Mumford et al used the Revised Restraint Scale (RRS) and divided their sample in restrained and nonrestrained eating based on the median of RRS scores.…”

Section: Restrained Eatingmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…44,45 Six studies did not use validated questionnaires, or changed the wordings of questionnaires, which could therefore no longer be regarded as validated. 37,42,46,51,54,58 In one study, participants were not representative of the target population, since all participants had overweight or obesity, whereas this was not specifically the target population of the study. 34 Table 1 presents the study outcomes regarding the associations between eating behaviors and GWG.…”

Section: Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that women high in restrained eating with normal weight, overweight, and obesity had on average a 2.2 kg higher GWG compared to women low in restrained eating of the same BMI groups (significant for normal weight, p < .001, and obesity, p = .03). 51 54 Conway et al similarly used the RRS, but did not find an association between restrained eating and total GWG (based on selfreported weights). They did, however, find that women high in restrained eating were significantly less likely to achieve an adequate GWG based on 1990 IOM guidelines compared to women low in restrained eating (p = .026); their weight gain was more often either above or below the recommendations.…”

Section: Restrained Eatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating behaviors in relation to gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention: A systematic review

et al. 2020

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Summary Preventing obesity is of utmost public health importance. This paper systematically reviews associations between eating behaviors and peripartum weight change. This knowledge is crucial in the development of interventions that reduce long‐term obesity, often triggered and boosted in the peripartum. Through MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science, we identified 20 studies that fulfilled inclusion criteria: studies on food cravings, disinhibition, restrained, external, emotional, uncontrolled, intuitive, or mindful eating in relation to gestational or postpartum weight among adult women. Higher gestational weight gain was associated with lower intuitive eating (in 3/3 studies) and higher restrained eating (in 4/11 studies), external eating (in 2/2 studies), emotional eating (in 3/4 studies), food cravings (in 3/3 studies), and disinhibition (in 1/3 studies). No association with uncontrolled eating was found (in one study). No studies on mindful eating and gestational weight were identified. Higher postpartum weight loss was associated with higher restrained (in 2/4 studies) and intuitive eating (in 1/1 study). No associations between postpartum weight and food cravings, disinhibition, and mindful eating were found. No studies on external, emotional and uncontrolled eating, and postpartum weight were identified. Concluding, certain eating behaviors might be related to peripartum weight change.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Restrained Eatingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Restrained Eatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating behaviors in relation to gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention: A systematic review

et al. 2020

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“…For example, a randomized weight loss study reported that cognitive restrained eating was associated with lower energy intakes [39]. In pregnant women, restrained eating and emotional eating have been positively associated with poorer diet quality and greater overall weight gain [40,41,42,43]. However, cross-sectional studies [30,31,44] and longitudinal data [45] in nonpregnant individuals have revealed that it is not the independent effects of restraint and disinhibition but their interaction that predicts food intake and ultimately body weight, with restraint moderating the impact of uncontrolled eating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncontrolled Eating during Pregnancy Predicts Fetal Growth: The Healthy Mom Zone Trial

et al. 2019

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Excess maternal weight gain during pregnancy elevates infants’ risk for macrosomia and early-onset obesity. Eating behavior is also related to weight gain, but the relationship to fetal growth is unclear. We examined whether Healthy Mom Zone, an individually tailored, adaptive gestational weight gain intervention, and maternal eating behaviors affected fetal growth in pregnant women (n = 27) with a BMI > 24. At study enrollment (6–13 weeks gestation) and monthly thereafter, the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire was completed. Ultrasounds were obtained monthly from 14–34 weeks gestation. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Higher baseline levels of uncontrolled eating predicted faster rates of fetal growth in late gestation. Cognitive restraint was not associated with fetal growth, but moderated the effect of uncontrolled eating on fetal growth. Emotional eating was not associated with fetal growth. Among women with higher baseline levels of uncontrolled eating, fetuses of women in the control group grew faster and were larger in later gestation than those in the intervention group (study group × baseline uncontrolled eating × gestational week interaction, p = 0.03). This is one of the first intervention studies to use an individually tailored, adaptive design to manage weight gain in pregnancy to demonstrate potential effects on fetal growth. Results also suggest that it may be important to develop intervention content and strategies specific to pregnant women with high vs. low levels of disinhibited eating.

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Conceptualization, measurement, and effects of pregnancy-specific stress: review of research using the original and revised Prenatal Distress Questionnaire

Ibrahim

Lobel

2019

J Behav Med

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Effects of dietary restraint and weight gain attitudes on gestational weight gain

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Eating behaviors in relation to gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention: A systematic review

Eating behaviors in relation to gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention: A systematic review

Uncontrolled Eating during Pregnancy Predicts Fetal Growth: The Healthy Mom Zone Trial

Conceptualization, measurement, and effects of pregnancy-specific stress: review of research using the original and revised Prenatal Distress Questionnaire

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