Effects of Dietary Lysophosphatidylcholine on Growth Performance and Lipid Metabolism of Juvenile Turbot

Abstract

A 56-day feeding trial was conducted in a flow-through seawater system to investigate the effects of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) on growth performance and lipid metabolism of turbot. Four experimental diets were prepared, differing only in the LPC supplementation, namely, 0 (LPC-0, control), 0.1 (LPC-0.1), 0.25 (LPC-0.25), and 0.5% (LPC-0.5) of dry matter. Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate tanks. LPC-0.1 and LPC-0.25 led to significantly higher weight gain than the control diet, and the highest weight gain was observed in LPC-0.1. Compared to the control group, the LPC-supplemented groups had higher survival and lower hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index. LPC-0.25 led to significantly lower contents of crude lipid and ash in whole fish. Dietary LPC supplementation led to a basic decrease in the lipid metabolism-related biochemical parameters in serum but had only very minor influence on the fatty acid composition in the liver and subcutaneous tissue around the fin (STF). High LPC levels upregulated the mRNA expression of BSAL and ApoEα in both the liver and STF. In conclusion, dietary LPC supplementation (0.1-0.25%) enhanced the growth, lowered the lipid accumulation in juvenile turbot, and significantly regulated the lipid metabolism. However, it seldom influenced the fatty acid composition.

Effects of Lysophosphatidylcholine on Intestinal Health of Turbot Fed High-Lipid Diets

“…The diets with 0.1–0.5% LPC also significantly enhanced the abundance of Romboutsia , which is characterized by producing bile salt hydrolase, synthesizing amino acids and vitamins, and utilizing simple carbohydrates [ 66 ]. The present results that higher proportions of digestive enzyme-producing bacteria were found in the LPC-supplemented groups were consistent with the previous results which showed that dietary LPC could significantly improve lipid digestion in turbot [ 28 ]. Interestingly, Clostridium perfringens , a type of diacylglycerol (DAG)-producing bacteria, was also evidently increased in the LPC groups.…”

“…Compared to the LPC0 group, the weight gain in groups LPC0.1 and LPC0.25 was significantly higher ( p < 0.05), with the highest value observed in the LPC0.1 group and an intermediate value observed in the LPC0.5 group. As the growth performance was not the focus of this study, the detailed growth data has been published elsewhere [ 28 ], and thus not described and discussed in the present study.…”

“…The current results showed that dietary 0.1–0.5% LPC had beneficial effects on the intestinal health of turbot fed high-lipid diets. However, the previous study showed that only 0.1–0.25% LPC in the diet significantly improved the growth performance of turbot-fed high-lipid diets [ 28 ]. Therefore, the relevant mechanisms involved need more deeply investigation in the future.…”

“…Furthermore, it has been reported that dietary LPC was effective in regulating the intestinal microbiota of terrestrial animals, such as broilers, sows, and piglets [ 19 , 21 , 22 ]. In fish, to date, some studies in hybrid tilapia ( Oreochromis aureus ♂ × Oreochromis niloticus ♀ ), channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus ), turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus L.), rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ), and the large yellow croaker ( Larimichthys crocea ) have investigated the effects of dietary LPC on fish growth and physiology [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. However, few studies have investigated the effects of dietary LPC on fish intestinal health, including the regulation of intestinal mucosal barrier and intestinal microbiota.…”

Dynamic coastal pelagic habitat drives rapid changes in growth and condition of juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) during early marine migration

“…Fatty acids (FA), and essential fatty acids (EFA) in particular, are useful indicators of both food quality and the nutritional condition of a fish (Tocher 2003). EFAs are not synthesised de novo by vertebrates in sufficient quantities to meet their physiological demands (Xu et al 2018).…”