Effects of Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds on the Colonic Microbiota of Weaned Piglets With Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Used as an Inflammatory Model

Grosu, Iulian Alexandru; Pistol, Gina Cecilia; Marin, Daniela Eliza; Cişmileanu, Ana; Palade, Laurentiu Mihai; Ţăranu, Ionelia

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00031

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…This bacterium seems to be favoured by the insertion of soybean meal in the diet of piglets [ 54 ], which might explain our results since this protein source was an important component of the diet used in the present study. The abundance of Megasphaera was numerically lower in the cecum of piglets receiving ZnO only, but the role of these commensal bacteria in the swine intestines deserves better attention [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of zinc oxide, benzoic acid and probiotics on the performance and cecal microbiota of piglets

Silva

Bentin

Dias³

et al. 2021

anim microbiome

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Background Intestinal health remains a key factor in animal production because it is essential for digestion, absorption and bacterial fermentation. Feed additives have been used to attenuate the weaning stress such as Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and benzoic acid (C7H6O2). The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of of benzoic acid and probiotics (BA + P) on performance, diarrhea and cecal microbiota of piglets in the nursery phase (23 to 65 days). Results One hundred and sixty weaned piglets with an initial weight of 6.335 ± 0.698 kg and 23 days of age were submitted to four treatments: supplementation with 2500 ppm of Zinc oxide (ZnO), supplementation with a commercial blend of benzoic acid and probiotics (Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415; Vevogut P®) (BA + P), supplementation with Zinc oxide plus benzoic acid and probiotics (ZnO + BA + P), and controls receiving only the basal diet without any supplementation. At 65 days of age, 32 piglets (n = 8 per treatment) were slaughtered for the evaluation of the cecal microbiota. Supplementation with ZnO and BA + P were associated with better feed conversion (P < 0.05) in the early stage (23 to 49 days) and with an improvement in all performance parameters over the entire experimental period. The occurrence of diarrhea was lower (P < 0.05) in the BA + P group. The 4 most abundant phyla along with unclassified bacteria represented 93% of all sequences. Firmicutes dominated the cecal microbiota of all groups, followed by Bacteroidetes. Richness represented by the observed number of genera and by the Chao index were statistically lower in ZnO and ZnO + BA + P supplemented animals compared to controls. The beta diversity analysis that compares similarities between bacterial communities demonstrated formation of two distinct clusters containing samples with and without supplementation with ZnO, confirming a strong influence of ZnO on the intestinal microbiota. Conclusion The use of Benzoic acid with probiotics yields similar performance results with lower impact on the gut microbiota compared to ZnO, and it should be considered as a potential alternative in swine production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of zinc oxide, benzoic acid and probiotics on the performance and cecal microbiota of piglets

Silva

Bentin

Dias³

et al. 2021

anim microbiome

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“…Our previous studies demonstrated that the diet with 8% whole grape seed meal (GSM), containing high amounts of polyphenols, PUFAs and fiber, was efficient in counteracting DSS-induced colon inflammation by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines production and by attenuating mitogen-activated kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF- k B) gene and protein expressions [ 28 ]. Furthermore, GSM diet positively modulated the microbiota in DSS-treated piglets, stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria and the production of butyrate and isobutyrate short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) [ 29 ]. We thus hypothesized that whole GSM, by its content in bioactive compounds, could improve also the epithelium integrity and functionality affected by the DSS challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Epithelial Dysfunctions and Attenuates Inflammation in Colon of DSS-Treated Piglets

Pistol

Bulgaru

Marin

et al. 2021

Foods

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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammations associated with progressive degradation of intestinal epithelium and impairment of the local innate immune response. Restoring of epithelial integrity and of the mucosal barrier function, together with modulation of inflammatory and innate immune markers, represent targets for alternative strategies in IBD. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of a diet including 8% grape seed meal (GSM), rich in bioactive compounds (polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), fiber) on the markers of colonic epithelial integrity, mucosal barrier function, pro-inflammatory, and innate immunity in DSS-treated piglets used as animal models of intestinal inflammation. Our results have demonstrated the beneficial effects of bioactive compounds from dietary GSM, exerted at three complementary levels: (a) restoration of the epithelial integrity and mucosal barrier reinforcement by modulation of claudins, Occludin (OCCL) and Zonula-1 (ZO-1) tight junction genes and proteins, myosin IXB (MYO9B) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN) tight junction regulators and mucin-2 (MUC2) gene; (b) reduction of pro-inflammatory MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2) and MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) genes and activities; and (c) suppression of the innate immune TLR-2 (Toll-like receptor-2) and TLR-4 (Toll-like receptor-4) genes and attenuation of the expression of MyD88 (Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response 88)/MD-2 (Myeloid differentiation factor-2) signaling molecules. These beneficial effects of GSM could further attenuate the transition of chronic colitis to carcinogenesis, by modulating the in-depth signaling mediators belonging to the Wnt pathway.

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“…Grosu et al found that in healthy pigs, the additive increased the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Prevotella and decreased the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, and Lactobacillus [ 186 ]. In pigs with DSS-induced colitis, grape seed meal intake attenuated a DSS-induced Roseburia increase while stimulating the growth of Anaerovibrio and Megasphaera and butyric acid production [ 187 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Plants and Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome in Mental Health: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Background: Various neurocognitive and mental health-related conditions have been associated with the gut microbiome, implicating a microbiome–gut–brain axis (MGBA). The aim of this systematic review was to identify, categorize, and review clinical evidence supporting medicinal plants for the treatment of mental disorders and studies on their interactions with the gut microbiota. Methods: This review included medicinal plants for which clinical studies on depression, sleeping disorders, anxiety, or cognitive dysfunction as well as scientific evidence of interaction with the gut microbiome were available. The studies were reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results: Eighty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and covered thirty mental health-related medicinal plants with data on interaction with the gut microbiome. Conclusion: Only a few studies have been specifically designed to assess how herbal preparations affect MGBA-related targets or pathways. However, many studies provide hints of a possible interaction with the MGBA, such as an increased abundance of health-beneficial microorganisms, anti-inflammatory effects, or MGBA-related pathway effects by gut microbial metabolites. Data for Panax ginseng, Schisandra chinensis, and Salvia rosmarinus indicate that the interaction of their constituents with the gut microbiota could mediate mental health benefits. Studies specifically assessing the effects on MGBA-related pathways are still required for most medicinal plants.

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Effects of Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds on the Colonic Microbiota of Weaned Piglets With Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Used as an Inflammatory Model

Cited by 20 publications

References 78 publications

Impact of zinc oxide, benzoic acid and probiotics on the performance and cecal microbiota of piglets

Impact of zinc oxide, benzoic acid and probiotics on the performance and cecal microbiota of piglets

Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Epithelial Dysfunctions and Attenuates Inflammation in Colon of DSS-Treated Piglets

Medicinal Plants and Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome in Mental Health: A Systematic Review

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