Effects of dietary curcumin on growth, antioxidant capacity, fatty acid composition and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes of large yellow croaker fed a high-fat diet

Abstract

A 10-weeks feeding trial was conducted to investigate effects of dietary curcumin on growth, antioxidant responses, fatty acid composition, and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes of large yellow croaker fed high-fat diet. Four diets (lipid level at 18%) were formulated with different levels of curcumin (0%, 0.02%, 0.04% and 0.06%). Results showed that the best growth performance was found in 0.04% curcumin group, with the body and hepatic lipid levels lower than the control group (0% curcumin). The content of triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was the least in 0.06% curcumin group. The lowest malondialdehyde and the highest superoxide dismutase, catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity were observed in 0.04% curcumin group. In 0.04% curcumin group, expression of fatty acyl desaturase 6, elongases very long-chain fatty acids 5, and elongases very long-chain fatty acids 4 was upregulated in liver; moreover, the ratio of hepatic n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n-3 PUFA was higher. Expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, and acyl-CoA oxidase was significantly increased, while expression of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein 1 and fatty acid synthase was dramatically decreased in curcumin groups compared with the control group. Overall, 0.04% curcumin supplementation could mitigate the negative effects caused by high-fat diet, and promote growth via reducing hepatic lipid deposition, improving antioxidant activity and increasing PUFA of large yellow croaker. Therefore, it is deduced that reduced abnormal hepatic lipid deposition was probably due to increased fatty acid oxidation and reduced de novo synthesis of fatty acids.

Dietary l-carnitine regulates liver lipid metabolism via simultaneously activating fatty acid β-oxidation and suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress in large yellow croaker fed with high-fat diets

“…The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an important commercially cultured marine fish that is sensitive to dietary lipid levels and sources in diets (38,39) . Previous studies also proved that: (1) mitochondrial dysfunction was closely associated with the variation in lipid accumulation in the liver (39,40) ; (2) ER stress was involved in the response to dietary FA (41,42) and (3) tea polyphenols, bile acid, curcumin and LC reduce the lipid content through increasing FA β-oxidation at the gene or protein expression level (43)(44)(45)(46) . Therefore, the large yellow croaker could be considered as an ideal animal model to explore the regulation of lipid metabolism at the organelle level.…”

Crocin-I Protects Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Inflammation in Mice

“…These observations explain our findings that HFDs induced significant increases in Fasn and ACC mRNA expression, leading to hepatic lipid accumulation in mice. PPARα plays an important role in increasing fatty acid oxidation and lipid degradation to reduce lipid accumulation ( Ji et al, 2021 ). Our findings of decreased ACC , Fasn and Srebp1c mRNA expression and increased PPARα mRNA expression in crocin-I treated mice suggest that crocin-I may play an important role in alleviating lipid metabolism disorders in the liver.…”

Adiponectin’s roles in lipid and glucose metabolism modulation in fish: Mechanisms and perspectives

“…168 Some feed additives have been confirmed to possess a key role in the regulation of the metabolism of the adipose and muscle tissue with high adiponectin expression, and some may regulate the expression of transcriptional factors that are positive regulators to adiponectin gene expression, such as PPAR α and PPAR γ. [169][170][171][172] These may further regulate adiponectin and/or receptors expression and secretion. Therefore, although there have been no reports so far clearly mentioning this hypothesis, it is arguable and logically justifiable to say that the beneficial effects of these micronutrients on fish may also be partially linked to increased adiponectin concentration or AdipoRs expression.…”

“…They have multiple regulatory targets and possess multiple properties, such as improved immune response and growth promoted 168 . Some feed additives have been confirmed to possess a key role in the regulation of the metabolism of the adipose and muscle tissue with high adiponectin expression, and some may regulate the expression of transcriptional factors that are positive regulators to adiponectin gene expression, such as PPAR α and PPAR γ 169–172 . These may further regulate adiponectin and/or receptors expression and secretion.…”