Effects of Defoliation on Radial Stem Growth and Photosynthesis in the Mountain Birch (Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa)

Hoogesteger, Jan; Karlsson, P. S.

doi:10.2307/2389523

Cited by 132 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Indeed, such a quick response is quite a good outcome of this experiment compared with some other studies, which found the response only after a longer period (Hoogesteger & Karlsson 1992).…”

Section: Iforest -Biogeosciences and Forestrysupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Data from several sources have identified cases of partial compensation, especially for insect-damaged trees (Osier & Lindroth 2004, Jacquet et al 2012, Landhäusser & Lieffers 2012. Some studies investigating growth changes under various insect damage scenarios have focused exclusively on birch species (Hoogesteger & Karlsson 1992, Hjälten et al 1993, Mutikainen et al 2000, Anttonen et al 2002, Huttunen et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of artificial defoliation and simulated insect damage on the growth of Betula pendula saplings

Varnagirytė–Kabašinskiene¹,

Araminienė²,

Stakėnas³

2016

iForest

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One-year-old silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) saplings were subjected to artificial insect damage and defoliations of varying intensities, and subsequent growth indexes, biomass allocation patterns and photosynthesis were monitored during a 60-day period. Seven treatments were conducted in which the leaves of saplings were perforated with three or six holes per each leaf, and damaged by clipping one-third of each leaf, or they received 25, 50 and 75% defoliations during a single growing season (from April to August of 2014). Simulated insect damage and artificial defoliation decreased growth. The 75% defoliation significantly reduced the total dry mass of birch saplings at harvest by 30%, while such reduction did not influence the total productivity. The dry mass of leaves was reduced by 45% when saplings were defoliated by 75% compared to not defoliated saplings. Moreover, the total production of leaves significantly increased in the 75% defoliated saplings compared with control saplings. Artificial defoliation increased the relative biomass allocation to foliage, and this was more evident in defoliated than in mechanically insectdamaged saplings. Despite losing 25, 50 or 75% of leaf mass due to clipping, defoliated birch saplings recovered similar dry masses and root/shoot ratios by harvest as the non-defoliated saplings. Perforation and clipping parts of the leaves, as well as the artificial defoliations, caused the regrowth of biomass that did not significantly change compared to healthy silver birch saplings, and this phenomenon could be assessed as equal-compensatory growth.

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Section: Iforest -Biogeosciences and Forestrysupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of artificial defoliation and simulated insect damage on the growth of Betula pendula saplings

Varnagirytė–Kabašinskiene¹,

Araminienė²,

Stakėnas³

2016

iForest

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“…67 (2010) 203 A.G. Quentin et al increase in chlorophyll concentration leads to an increase in the amount of photosynthetic enzymes (Trumble et al, 1993). Although partial defoliation may result in higher foliar N concentration and photosynthetic activity (Trumble et al, 1993), there was no evidence in this study of photosynthetic enhancement related to foliar N. Numerous studies have similarly concluded that changes in N following defoliation were not responsible for enhanced photosynthesis (Ovaska et al, 1993;Reich et al, 1993;Turnbull et al, 2007), although others report a positive correlation (Hoogesteger and Karlsson, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Artificial defoliation methods are often selected based on logistical considerations such as time taken to defoliate plants, and may bear no resemblance to the spatial and temporal patterns of insect damage (e.g. Heichel and Turner, 1983;Hoogesteger and Karlsson, 1992;Ovaska et al, 1993;Reich et al, 1993;Vanderklein and Reich, 1999). Artificial defoliation studies with Eucalyptus globulus Labill.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do artificial and natural defoliation have similar effects on physiology of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. seedlings?

et al. 2010

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Abstract• Artificial defoliation is often used to simulate defoliation by herbivory and is usually considered a good indication of a plant's response to a given type of damage. However, the findings of studies directly comparing the two defoliation types are inconsistent.• Here, the short term effects of artificial and insect defoliation by larvae of Paropsisterna agricola on growth, biomass allocation and photosynthetic capacity of Eucalyptus globulus seedlings were compared in a glasshouse experiment. The artificial defoliation was carried out to closely resemble the spatial patterns observed for insect defoliation.• Height and diameter increments were reduced as a result of insect defoliation, whereas artificial defoliation had no significant effect on height. Increased photosynthetic capacity was observed in response to both treatments, but the magnitude of this increase was larger in insect-than in artificially-defoliated seedlings. Significant reductions in foliar carbohydrate content and total biomass were noticeable in artificially-defoliated seedlings. Although the foliar carbohydrate levels also decreased across the crown zones following insect defoliation treatment, seedlings allocated a large amount of their biomass in the branches of the damaged zone.• Despite our best endeavours to simulate insect defoliation in the artificial treatment, the latter may not reflect accurately the full strength of the effects. However, artificial and insect defoliation were similar in their direction of the responses they caused in E. globulus seedlings. Mots-clés :Paropsisterna agricola / croissance / allocation de la biomasse / capacité de la photosynthèse / glucides Résumé -Les défoliations artificielle et naturelle ont-elles des effets similaires sur la physiologie de jeune plants d'Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ?• La défoliation artificielle est couramment employée pour simuler la défoliation par les insectes herbivores et elle est généralement considérée comme un bon indicateur de la réponse des plantes pour un type de dommage donné. Cependant, les résultats d'études comparant directement les deux types de défoliation sont inconsistants.• Ici, les effets court terme des défoliations artificielles et naturelles par la larve de Paropsisterna agricola ont été comparés au plan de la croissance, de l'allocation de la biomasse et de la capacité de photosynthèse dans une expérimentation conduite en serre. La défoliation artificielle a été menée pour ressembler étroitement aux modèles spatiaux observés avec la défoliation par les insectes.• À la suite de la défoliation par les insectes, les accroissements en hauteur et en diamètre ont été ré-duits, alors que la défoliation artificielle n'a eu aucun effet significatif sur la hauteur. L'augmentation de la capacité de photosynthèse a été observée en réponses aux deux traitements, mais l'ampleur de cette augmentation a été plus forte pour les plants défoliés par les insectes que pour les plants artificiellement défoliés. Des réductions significatives de la teneur foliaire en...

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The Ecological Consequences of Insect Outbreaks

Yang

2012

Insect Outbreaks Revisited

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Effects of Defoliation on Radial Stem Growth and Photosynthesis in the Mountain Birch (Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa)

Cited by 132 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of artificial defoliation and simulated insect damage on the growth of Betula pendula saplings

Effects of artificial defoliation and simulated insect damage on the growth of Betula pendula saplings

Do artificial and natural defoliation have similar effects on physiology of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. seedlings?

The Ecological Consequences of Insect Outbreaks

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