Effects of climate and geography on spatial patterns of genetic structure in tropical skinks

Rivera, Danielle; Prates, Ivan; Rodrigues, Miguel Tréfaut; Carnaval, Ana Carolina

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106661

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Questions of attention are how this region became so diverse, and whether its biota show similar patterns of speciation. Several phylogeographic studies attempted to reveal the complex evolutionary history of the BAF biota, considering different groups of continuous and connected forest-dwelling organisms as models to comprehend historical patterns of diversification (Cabanne et al 2007;Carnaval and Moritz 2008;Palma-Silva et al 2009;Colombi et al 2010;Martins, de 2011;Leite et al 2016;Menezes et al 2016;Leal et al 2016;Franco et al 2017;Paz et al 2019;Aguiar-Melo et al 2019;Rivera et al 2020). Nevertheless, phylogeographic patterns of naturally fragmented species from BAF rock outcrops remain largely unclear (but see Palma-Silva et al 2011;Hmeljevski et al 2017;de Paula et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From micro- to macroevolution: insights from a Neotropical bromeliad with high population genetic structure adapted to rock outcrops

et al. 2020

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Geographic isolation and reduced population sizes can lead to local extinction, low efficacy of selection and decreased speciation. However, population differentiation is an essential step of biological diversification. In allopatric speciation, geographically isolated populations differentiate and persist until the evolution of reproductive isolation and ecological divergence completes the speciation process. Pitcairnia flammea allows us to study the evolutionary consequences of habitat fragmentation on naturally disjoint rock-outcrop species from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (BAF). Our main results showed low-to-moderate genetic diversity within populations, and deep population structuring caused by limited gene flow, low connectivity, genetic drift and inbreeding of long-term isolation and persistence of rock-outcrop populations throughout Quaternary climatic oscillations. Bayesian phylogenetic and model-based clustering analyses found no clear northern and southern phylogeographic structure commonly reported for many BAF organisms. Although we found two main lineages diverging by ~2 Mya during the early Pleistocene, species' delimitation analysis assigned most of the populations as independent evolving entities, suggesting an important role of disjoint rock outcrops in promoting high endemism in this rich biome. Lastly, we detected limited gene flow in sympatric populations although some hybridization and introgression were observed, suggesting a continuous speciation process in this species complex. Our data not only inform us about the extensive differentiation and limited gene flow found among Pitcairnia flammea species complex, but they also contain information about the mechanisms that shape the genetic architecture of small and fragmented populations of isolated rock outcrop of recently radiated plants.

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