Effects of chitosan on control of postharvest blue mold decay of apple fruit and the possible mechanisms involved

Cowpea resistance induced against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum by crustaceous chitosan and by biomass and chitosan obtained from Cunninghamella elegans

“…These biopolymer induce systemic resistance in plants against pathogens by the accumulation not only of this antioxidant enzyme, but also of the CAT, and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins such as b-1,3-glucanase and chitinase (Ma et al, 2013). Falcón-Rodríguez et al (2009) and Li et al (2015) suggested that the increased expression of POX by chitosan treatment may strengthen defense system in plants due to the biosynthesis of metabolites such as phytoalexins and phenols to form lignin, a structural barrier against pathogen infection. Besides this, the activation of carbohydrate catabolism by chitosan can provide sufficient energy supply for the elicitor-triggered resistance to pathogen infection.…”

“…This polymer demonstrates ability to induce marked morphological changes, structural alterations and molecular disorganization of the fungal cells. On the other hand, this biopolymer displays indirect activity when induce defense mechanisms in plants, stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species, inhibits the action of proteinases, alters the metabolism of phytoalexins, promotes lignification, induces the formation of phenolic compounds, stimulates the accumulation of pathogenesis related (PR) proteins such as chitinase, b-1,3-glucanase (Ali et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015), and activates peroxidase (Ortega-Ortiz et al, 2007), superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes (Zeng and Luo, 2012). The PR proteins assist in the reduction of plant diseases, such as b-1,3-glucanase act as a mechanical barrier for blocking the invasion of fungi into the plant tissue and also protects the tissue against phytotoxic substances produced by the fungus.…”

“…POX is also involved in the process of cell wall lignification. This enzyme catalyze the biosynthesis of metabolites such as phytoalexins and phenols to form lignin which strengthen the defense system in plants against pathogen infection (Li et al, 2015).…”

Effects of postharvest treatments with chitosan and putrescine to maintain quality and extend shelf‐life of two banana cultivars

“…The antiputrescent and antimicrobial properties of chitosan are dependent on the type of chitosan, storage temperature, and chemical substances in the fruit (Devlieghere, Vermeulen, & Debevere, ). Previous studies have reported positive effects of chitosan on controlling putrescence in apple (Li et al., ) and strawberry, tomato, oranges, and banana (Sakif et al., ).…”

“…Previous studies have reported positive effects of chitosan on controlling putrescence in apple (Li et al, 2015) and strawberry, tomato, oranges, and banana (Sakif et al, 2016).…”