Effects of carbon nanotube aspect ratio on strengthening and tribological behavior of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene composite

Kumar, Raj; Sharma, Sandan Kumar; Kumar, B.V. Manoj; Lahiri, Debrupa

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.05.007

Cited by 97 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…In spite of its excellent properties, the usage of UHMWPE in some demanding applications has been limited due to various constraints such as its low load bearing capacity, thermal instability, creep under static conditions, poor shear modulus, and strength. Consequently, carbon nanotube (CNTs)–reinforced UHMWPE composites caught the attention of researchers in recent years and were subjected to many experimental studies reporting the reinforcing effects of CNTs on UHMWPE, i.e., the significant improvement in the wear resistance [1,2], tribological behavior [3,4], electrical performance [5,6], mechanical properties [7,8], thermal stability [9,10], and antioxidant resistance [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation and Dispersion Evolution of Carbon Nanotubes in Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composites under Extensional-Shear Coupled Flow: A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Study

et al. 2019

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The property of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based composites are significantly dependent on the orientation and dispersion evolution of CNTs in the polymer matrix. In this work, the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations are employed to discover the orientation and dispersion evolution of CNTs in ultra–high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) under extensional–shear coupled flow conditions for the first time. In this paper, we investigate the roles of the increasing extensional-shear coupled rate in morphology of CNTs/UHMWPE composites by varying CNTs concentration and observe that the system under consideration lies in the same evolution morphologies. When comparing our results for various morphologies, we notice that the orientation is affected more significantly by changing the extensional-shear coupled rates. A good alignment appears with an increase of extensional-shear coupled rates, which transform it into ordered morphology. In addition, a higher extensional-shear coupled rate does not necessarily contribute to better dispersion even though CNTs concentration varies, as shown by the mean square displacement (MSD) and the relative concentration distribution functions of CNTs in CNTs/UHMWPE composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation and Dispersion Evolution of Carbon Nanotubes in Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composites under Extensional-Shear Coupled Flow: A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Study

et al. 2019

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“…However, the non-polar nature of UHMWPE results in low interfacial adhesion. Nevertheless, the treatment of glass fibers with silane coupling agents improves the adhesion between the components, in order to increase the mechanical and tribological properties of the UHMWPE-based composites [16][17][18].The authors have studied the tribological and mechanical characteristics of the UHMWPE-based composites loaded with glass fibers (hereinafter referred "UHMWPE-based composites"), treated with conventional silane coupling agents [19]. It has been shown that the "KH-550" silane coupling agent (hereinafter referred to as "KH-550") is the most efficient of them.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Adhesion on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Glass Fiber Composites, Based on Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Powders with Various Initial Particle Sizes

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of adhesion between the non-polar, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) matrix and the glass fiber fillers of various lengths treated with the commercially available “KH-550” agent, on the mechanical and tribological properties of the UHMWPE-based composites. The motivation was to find the optimal compositions of the polymer composite, for the compression sintering manufacturing of lining plates for the protection of marine venders and construction vehicles, as well as transport equipment. It was shown that the initial powder size at equal molecular weight determined the distribution patterns of the glass fibers in the matrix, and, as a consequence, the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites. Based on the obtained experimental data and the results of the calculation by a developed computer algorithm, control parameters were determined to give practical recommendations (polymer powder size and glass fiber length), for the production of the UHMWPE-composites having specified mechanical and tribological characteristics. The “GUR4022 + 10% LGF” composite, loaded with the chopped 3 mm glass fibers treated with the “KH-550”, was recommended for severe operating conditions (high loads, including impact and abrasive wear). For mild operating conditions (including cases when the silane coupling agent could not be used), the “GUR2122 + 10% MGF” and “GUR2122 + 10% LGF” composites, based on the fine UHMWPE powder, were recommended. However, the cost and technological efficiency of the filler (flowability, dispersibility) and polymer powder processing should be taken into account, in addition to the specified mechanical and tribological properties.

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“…For X‐UHMWPE irradiated at high dose, the improved wear resistance was large, and the fillers existed as independent rigid particles in the composite. These particles can load and transfer the force within the surface to a larger region during abrasion testing, decreasing the stress build‐up and wear between friction component and matrix . This phenomenon greatly reduces wear.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the chemical and physiological toxicity of the added material are important in vivo . For instance, 0.1 wt % CNTs in polyethylene can reduce the 80% wear of polyethylene, but this supplementation can even induce cancer in vivo . Therefore, these composites have not been used clinically.…”

Section: Introdutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More wear‐resistant and ductile UHMWPE composite prepared by the addition of radiation crosslinked UHMWPE powder

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Radiation crosslinked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (X-UHMWPE) powder was prepared by g-ray irradiation under nitrogen atmosphere with a dose of 50-200 kGy at a dose rate of 7 kGy/h and further annealing in vacuum at 120 8C for 4 h. The crosslinked powder was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, gel content, and hot-press molding. Then, X-UHMWPE was added to pristine UHMWPE to prepare a composite with 0-25 wt % filler. The morphology, wear resistance, and tensile property of the composite were investigated. Using X-UHMWPE as a filler could sufficiently improve the wear resistance of the composite. Adding 25 wt % X-UHMWPE (dose: 150 kGy) improved wear resistance by 130% and retained approximately 90% tensile strength and 70% ductility. Wear-resistant and ductile UHMWPE composite may be potentially used for artificial joint replacement and engineering devices. The proposed route is useful in fabricating UHMWPE material with excellent comprehensive performance or functional polymer composite. INTRODUTIONUHMWPE is a polymer with numerous outstanding properties such as chemical inertness, excellent biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, and widely used in medical and engineering applications. Several unsatisfactory mechanical properties of this polymer are its poor creep-resistance and yield strength. Although UHMWPE exhibits better wear resistance than many other polymers, prolonged use of medical devices made from this polymer used as artificial joint produced debris in the human body. 1 This phenomenon shortens the lifetime of the device and induces pain to the patient. 2,3 Therefore, improving the wear resistance of UHMWPE is still urgent for its application as artificial organ and in engineering devices. Physical blending 4 and radiation crosslinking 5 are two useful methods for improving the wear resistance of UHMWPE. 6,7 Many fillers, such as carbon black, carbon fibers, 8,9 carbon nanotubes (CNTs), 7,10 and Al 2 O 3 , have been added to UHMWPE for physical blending to improve the wear resistance of this polymer. 11 However, dispersion compatibility remains a problem in most cases primarily because of the remarkable difference in chemical structure and surface energy. In addition, the chemical and physiological toxicity of the added material are important in vivo. For instance, 0.1 wt % CNTs in polyethylene can reduce the 80% wear of polyethylene, 12 but this supplementation can even induce cancer in vivo. 13 Therefore, these composites have not been used clinically. Polyethylene blends with other types of polyethylene exhibit better compatibility and lower physiological toxicity than blends with other materials. [14][15][16] This blending method can be used to improve the mechanical properties of UHMWPE. 15,17 Radiation crosslinking can obviously alter the chemical and crystal structures of UHMWPE. This process increases the molecular weight and induces the formation of crosslinking networks. These characteristics sufficiently improve the mechanical properties of UHMWPE such as creep resistanc...

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Effects of carbon nanotube aspect ratio on strengthening and tribological behavior of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene composite

Cited by 97 publications

References 50 publications

Orientation and Dispersion Evolution of Carbon Nanotubes in Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composites under Extensional-Shear Coupled Flow: A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Study

Orientation and Dispersion Evolution of Carbon Nanotubes in Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composites under Extensional-Shear Coupled Flow: A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Study

Effect of Adhesion on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Glass Fiber Composites, Based on Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Powders with Various Initial Particle Sizes

More wear‐resistant and ductile UHMWPE composite prepared by the addition of radiation crosslinked UHMWPE powder

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