Effects of blood alcohol concentrations on negative punishment: implications for decision making.

Meier, Steven E.; Brigham, Thomas A.; Ward, David A.; Myers, FH; Warren, Lynda W.

doi:10.15288/jsa.1996.57.85

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A second characteristic, emanating from their focus, is the methodology used in these studies. Traditionally, research on the effects of alcohol ingestion is carried out through laboratory-based experiments (Meier et al 1996;Lane et al 2004;Breslin et al 1999). However, the behavioral effectsofalcoholundoubtedlyarisefromotherdimensionsofitsconsumptionother thansimplepharmacologicaleffects.Forinstance,thepsychologicalandemotional state of drinkers, the social as well as the physical environment, or the laws and social norms governing a given occasion are all inseparable from alcohol-related behavioralpatterns.Finally,wheninvestigatingthecausaleffectsofalcoholonrisky behavior, studies have used a wide range of risk-taking measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The separate effects of self-estimated and actual alcohol intoxication on risk taking: A field experiment.

Proestakis¹,

Espín

Exadaktylos

et al. 2013

Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics

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Many risky actions are carried out under the influence of alcohol. However, the effect of alcoholicintoxicationoverthewillingnesstotakerisksiscomplexandstillremainsunclear.Weconductaneconomicfieldexperimentinanatural,drinkingandrisk-takingenvironment to analyze how both actual and self-estimated blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels influencesubjects'choicesovermonetarylotteries.Ourresultsrevealanegativeimpactof both actual and self-estimated BAC levels on risk-taking. However, for male and young subjects, we find a positive relationship between BAC underestimation (a pattern of estimation error which mainly occurs at high BAC levels) and the willingness to choose riskierlotteries.Ourfindingssuggestthatariskcompensationmechanismisactivatedonly when individuals' own intoxication level is consciously self-perceived to be high. We concludethereforethathumanpropensitytoengageinriskyactivitiesundertheinfluence of alcohol is not due to an enhanced preference for risky choices. In addition to the suggestion in the existing literature that such propensity is due to a weakened ability to perceiverisks,ourresultsindicatethatanimpairedself-perceptionofownintoxicationlevel mayalsobeanimportantfactor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover,contrarytootherrisk-takingmeasuressuchasdrivingtasks(e.g.,Mitchell 1985; Moskovitz and Robinson 1988) or more complex lotteries (e.g., Meier et al 1996;Breslin et al 1999), subjects' cognitive abilities or skills should not influence decisionmaking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The separate effects of self-estimated and actual alcohol intoxication on risk taking: A field experiment.

Proestakis¹,

Espín

Exadaktylos

et al. 2013

Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics

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show abstract

“…Early studies suggested a relationship between alcohol and risky bus driving (Cohen 1960); subjective valuation of risky alternatives (Teger et al 1969); and risky gambling choices among alcohol-dependent subjects (Cutter et al 1973). In contrast, more recent work has found that alcohol does not increase risk-taking under experimental situations such as driving simulations (McMillen and Wells-Parker 1987;McMillen et al 1989; but see Liguori et al 1999); and gambling tasks (Meier et al 1996;Breslin et al 1999). Rather than detecting any direct pharmacological effect of alcohol on risk-taking, these latter studies have implicated psychological factors such alcohol expectancy effects and sensation-seeking personality traits that may interact with alcohol effects on risk-taking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol effects on human risk taking

et al. 2004

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“…Other studies of risk-taking have incorporated clearly defined reward and penalty contingencies into procedures examining the effects of alcohol on risktaking (Stein and Allen, 1986;Meier et al, 1996). In these studies, subjects' risk-taking was sensitive to the effects of penalty, but not to alcohol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alcohol on risk‐taking during simulated driving

Burian

Liguori

Robinson

2002

Human Psychopharmacology

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The effect of alcohol on judgement or conscious risk-taking may increase the likelihood of an automobile accident. This study examined the direct effects of penalty severity and alcohol on risk-taking in a novel simulated-driving lane-choice task. Thirteen male social drinkers received alcohol (0.3 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg, 0.8 g/kg) or placebo during each of four test sessions in a randomized, within subject design. In repeated trials, subjects selected, then drove through a cone-defined lane. Contingent upon performance, points were added (+ 5 for the narrower lane, + 3 for the wider lane) and taken away (- 1, - 3, or - 5 points per hit cone) after each trial. Risk-taking was defined as a selection of the narrower-width lane. The frequency of risk-taking decreased as the penalty increased. The 0.5 g/kg dose, compared to other alcohol doses or placebo, significantly increased risk-taking in the high-risk (5-point penalty) condition. This finding suggests that breath alcohol concentrations within current legal standards can alter a driver's decision-making such that the willingness to enter a high-risk situation is increased.

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Effects of blood alcohol concentrations on negative punishment: implications for decision making.

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

The separate effects of self-estimated and actual alcohol intoxication on risk taking: A field experiment.

The separate effects of self-estimated and actual alcohol intoxication on risk taking: A field experiment.

Alcohol effects on human risk taking

Effects of alcohol on risk‐taking during simulated driving

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