Effects of anaesthesia on fluid and solute transport in a C57BL6 mouse model of peritoneal dialysis

Shin, Sug-Kyun; Kamerath, Craig D.; Gilson, Janice F.; Leypoldt, John K.

doi:10.1093/ndt/gfl368

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…General anesthesia with halothane in sheep significantly decreases the appearance of intraperitoneal macromolecular tracer in caudal mediastinal and thoracic duct lymph vessels (33). Recent peritoneal transport studies with short dwells in ketamine-anesthetized mice demonstrated significantly higher drained volumes compared to conscious mice (34). This observation was explained by direct effects of ketamine anesthesia on glucose metabolism and on serum glucose clearance (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasoactive Components of Dialysis Solution

Zakaria

Patel

et al. 2008

Perit Dial Int

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Background Conventional peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions elicit vasodilation, which is implicated in the variable rate of solute transport during the dwell. The components causing such vasoactivity are still controversial. This study was conducted to define the vasoactive components of conventional and new PD solutions. Methods Three visceral peritoneal microvascular levels were visualized by intravital video microscopy of the terminal ileum of anesthetized rats. Anesthesia-free decerebrate conscious rats served as control. Microvascular diameter and blood flow by Doppler measurements were conducted after topical peritoneal exposure to 4 clinical PD solutions and 6 prepared solutions designed to isolate potential vasoactive components of the PD solution. Results All clinically available PD solutions produced a rapid and generalized vasodilation at all intestinal microvascular levels, regardless of the osmotic solute. The pattern and magnitude of this dilation was not affected by anesthesia but was determined by arteriolar size, the osmotic solute, and the solution's buffer anion system. The greatest dilation occurred in the small precapillary arterioles and was elicited by conventional PD solution and heat re-sterilized solution containing low glucose degradation products (GDPs). Hypertonic mannitol solutions produced a dilation that was approximately 50% less than the dilation obtained with glucose solutions with identical osmolarity and buffer. Increasing a solution's osmolarity did not produce a parallel increase in the magnitude of dilation, suggesting a nonlinear relationship between the two variables. Lactate dissolved in an isotonic solution was completely non-vasoactive unless the solution's H+ concentration was increased. At low pH, isotonic lactate produced a rapid but transient vasodilation. This vascular reactivity was similar in magnitude and pattern to that obtained with the isotonic 7.5% icodextrin solution (Extraneal; Baxter Healthcare, Deerfield, Illinois, USA). Conclusions ( 1 ) Hyperosmolarity is the major vasoactive component of PD solution. ( 2 ) Hyperosmolarity and active intracellular glucose uptake account together for approximately 75% of PD solution-induced dilation, whereas GDPs contribute to approximately 25%. ( 3 ) Lactate is vasoactive only at low pH (high [H+]). ( 4 ) The magnitude of PD solution-mediated vasodilation is partially dependent on the nature of the osmotic solute, the GDP contents, and the [H+], which determine the vasoactivity of the lactate-buffer anion system. Studies are required to define the molecular mechanisms of PD-induced vasodilation and to determine the vasoactive properties of these solutions after chronic infusion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasoactive Components of Dialysis Solution

Zakaria

Patel

et al. 2008

Perit Dial Int

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“…Also, the method chosen for anesthesia might influence the outcome of blood testing. Isoflurane anesthesia, for example, has been shown to cause impaired insulin secretion and glucose tolerance (Tanaka et al, ), and ketamine also seems to have effects on glucose metabolism (Shin et al, ). Methods that are associated with muscle injuries (blood vessel puncture in situ, heart puncture, submandibular vein puncture) can result in altered values of several parameters (e.g., muscle enzyme activities) measured in the sample.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Collection from Mice and Hematological Analyses on Mouse Blood

et al. 2013

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Basic phenotyping of inbred mouse strains and genetically modified mouse models usually includes the determination of blood-based parameters as a diagnostic screen for genotype effects on metabolism and organ function. A broad range of analytes, including hematological parameters, can be reliably determined in mouse blood, if appropriate samples are available. Here we describe recommended techniques for blood collection from mice and the considerations that have to be taken into account to get adequate samples for hematological investigations. Furthermore, we describe established methods used in the German Mouse Clinic (GMC) to determine hematological parameters in the mouse. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 3:101-119 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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“…Regarding peritonitis, many investigators have administered antibiotics in order to prevent infections, an intervention that has been proven successful and simultaneously not leading to morphological and function changes in the peritoneum (Mortier et al, 2003 ; Choi et al, 2006 ). Finally, the use of anesthesia when handling animals has been related to changes in the peritoneum kinetics, probably through a direct reduction of the lymphatic drainage (Tran et al, 1993 ) and an increase of ultrafiltration and decrease of the absorption rates from the peritoneal membrane (Shin et al, 2006 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Animal models in peritoneal dialysis

et al. 2015

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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has been extensively used over the past years as a method of kidney replacement therapy for patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). In an attempt to better understand the properties of the peritoneal membrane and the mechanisms involved in major complications associated with PD, such as inflammation, peritonitis and peritoneal injury, both in vivo and ex vivo animal models have been used. The aim of the present review is to briefly describe the animal models that have been used, and comment on the main problems encountered while working with these models. Moreover, the differences characterizing these animal models, as well as, the differences with humans are highlighted. Finally, it is suggested that the use of standardized protocols is a necessity in order to take full advantage of animal models, extrapolate their results in humans, overcome the problems related to PD and help promote its use.

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Effects of anaesthesia on fluid and solute transport in a C57BL6 mouse model of peritoneal dialysis

Abstract: Ketamine anaesthesia in the mouse decreases PA values for glucose and mannitol when used as osmotic agents in PD solutions. The decrease in transperitoneal transport for these osmotic agents increases the final volume of fluid which can be obtained from the peritoneal cavity.

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Vasoactive Components of Dialysis Solution

Vasoactive Components of Dialysis Solution

Blood Collection from Mice and Hematological Analyses on Mouse Blood

Animal models in peritoneal dialysis

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