Effects of ALA on Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity, and Gene Expression, and Regulation of Proline Accumulation in Tomato Seedlings Under NaCl Stress

Zhang, Zhiping; Miao, Minmin; Wang, C. L.

doi:10.1007/s00344-015-9499-4

Cited by 55 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Compared with gene expression in the controls, the relative gene expressions of SOD, POD and APX increased but that of CAT decreased under salt stress in tomato seedlings. The relative gene expressions of APX and POD increased in 200 mM NaCl concentration but were lower than in 100 mM NaCl concentration40. Higher NaCl concentrations may hinder gene expression, resulting in a decline in enzymatic activity, which may be a reasonable interpretation of our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

γ-Aminobutyric Acid Imparts Partial Protection from Salt Stress Injury to Maize Seedlings by Improving Photosynthesis and Upregulating Osmoprotectants and Antioxidants

Wang

Meng

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

130

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γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) has high physiological activity in plant stress physiology. This study showed that the application of exogenous GABA by root drenching to moderately (MS, 150 mM salt concentration) and severely salt-stressed (SS, 300 mM salt concentration) plants significantly increased endogenous GABA concentration and improved maize seedling growth but decreased glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity compared with non-treated ones. Exogenous GABA alleviated damage to membranes, increased in proline and soluble sugar content in leaves, and reduced water loss. After the application of GABA, maize seedling leaves suffered less oxidative damage in terms of superoxide anion (O2·−) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. GABA-treated MS and SS maize seedlings showed increased enzymatic antioxidant activity compared with that of untreated controls, and GABA-treated MS maize seedlings had a greater increase in enzymatic antioxidant activity than SS maize seedlings. Salt stress severely damaged cell function and inhibited photosynthesis, especially in SS maize seedlings. Exogenous GABA application could reduce the accumulation of harmful substances, help maintain cell morphology, and improve the function of cells during salt stress. These effects could reduce the damage to the photosynthetic system from salt stress and improve photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. GABA enhanced the salt tolerance of maize seedlings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

γ-Aminobutyric Acid Imparts Partial Protection from Salt Stress Injury to Maize Seedlings by Improving Photosynthesis and Upregulating Osmoprotectants and Antioxidants

Wang

Meng

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

130

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“…Moreover, during de-etiolation, the HEMA1 and Lhcb are executed like co-ordinated regulation under parallel light by shared phytochrome-and cryptochrome-signalling pathways (McCormac and Terry 2002). In addition, GluTR can be impacted according to content of metabolic products on the downstream of ALA. Heme is an end-product in one of metabolic fluxes of ALA, and it is described as a feedback inhibitor to ALA formation, since it depresses the activity of GluTR (Zhang et al 2015c). Similar phenomenon of feedback regulation also emerged in another metabolic branch of ALA, the Mg-branch.…”

Section: The Biosynthesis Of Ala In Higher Plantsmentioning

confidence: 90%

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) biosynthetic and metabolic pathways and its role in higher plants: a review

Liao

Dawuda

et al. 2018

Plant Growth Regul

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Crop productivity is restricted by various abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heat, and cold. Many efforts have been taken to decrease the inhibition of plant growth by alleviating the abiotic stresses. Exogenous applications of hormones, plant growth regulators, and/or small signaling molecules have been reported as a means to enhance plant resistance to stress. One of the small signaling molecules utilized is 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) that has been shown to enhance plant growth under abiotic stress. As a metabolic intermediate in higher plants, ALA is a precursor of all tetrapyrroles such as chlorophyll, heme and siroheme. The pathway towards biosynthesis upstream and the metabolism downstream of ALA contains multiple regulatory points that are affected by positive/negative factors. However, report about the regulatory aspects of the ALA metabolic pathway and the role of ALA in stimulating physiochemical processes in higher plants under stress have not been collated and summarized systematically. In this regard, we summarize recent developments in understanding the mechanisms of plant responses to abiotic stress which are affected by ALA as well as new information on the metabolic pathway of ALA. We find that exogenous application of ALA can enhance some key physiological and biochemical processes in plants such as photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, antioxidant characteristics and osmotic equilibrium, however, more in-depth research on the specific mechanisms are needed.

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“…This is consistent with our previous report on pak choi, where Wang et al () proposed that under salt stress, the conversion of ALA into tetrapyrroles, such as heme, is necessary for seed germination. Zhang et al (, ) approved that either over‐production of endogenous ALA in YHem1 transgenic Arabidopsis or exogenous ALA treatment in tomato seedlings resulted in more heme accumulation under salt stress. Recent reports on RNA‐seq have shown that the improvement of ALA in plant stress tolerance is associated with its own promotion of tetrapyrrole metabolism (Nguyen et al , Niu and Ma , Wu et al , Xiong et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen peroxide as a mediator of 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced Na⁺ retention in roots for improving salt tolerance of strawberries

et al. 2019

Physiologia Plantarum

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To explore the mechanisms of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-improved plant salt tolerance, strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cv. 'Benihoppe') were treated with 10 mg l −1 ALA under 100 mmol l −1 NaCl stress. We found that the amount of Na + increased in the roots but decreased in the leaves. Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) observations showed that ALA-induced roots had more Na + accumulation than NaCl alone. Measurement of the xylem sap revealed that ALA repressed Na + concentrations to a large extent. The electron microprobe X-ray assay also confirmed ALA-induced Na + retention in roots. qRT-PCR showed that ALA upregulated the gene expressions of SOS1 (encoding a plasma membrane Na + /H + antiporter), NHX1 (encoding a vacuolar Na + /H + antiporter) and HKT1 (encoding a protein of high-affinity K + uptake), which are associated with Na + exclusion in the roots, Na + sequestration in vacuoles and Na + unloading from the xylem vessels to the parenchyma cells, respectively. Furthermore, we found that ALA treatment reduced the H 2 O 2 content in the leaves but increased it in the roots. The exogenous H 2 O 2 promoted plant growth, increased root Na + retention and stimulated the gene expressions of NHX1, SOS1 and HKT1. Diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of H 2 O 2 generation, suppressed the effects of ALA or H 2 O 2 on Na + retention, gene expressions and salt tolerance. Therefore, we propose that ALA induces H 2 O 2 accumulation in roots, which mediates Na + transporter gene expression and more Na + retention in roots, thereby improving plant salt tolerance.Abbreviations -ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid; ROS, reactive oxygen species; DPI, diphenyleneiodonium. † These authors equally contributed to this work leads to Na + toxicity, osmotic stress and nutrient deficiencies, with Na + toxicity being the primary cause of plant growth restriction (Zhu 2002). Many plants possess specific mechanisms to alleviate Na + toxicity, such as reducing Na + uptake, promoting Na + efflux or vacuolar sequestration (Maathuis et al. 2014). In the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), the Na + /H + Physiol. Plant. 167, 2019

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Effects of ALA on Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity, and Gene Expression, and Regulation of Proline Accumulation in Tomato Seedlings Under NaCl Stress

Cited by 55 publications

References 53 publications

γ-Aminobutyric Acid Imparts Partial Protection from Salt Stress Injury to Maize Seedlings by Improving Photosynthesis and Upregulating Osmoprotectants and Antioxidants

γ-Aminobutyric Acid Imparts Partial Protection from Salt Stress Injury to Maize Seedlings by Improving Photosynthesis and Upregulating Osmoprotectants and Antioxidants

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) biosynthetic and metabolic pathways and its role in higher plants: a review

Hydrogen peroxide as a mediator of 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced Na⁺ retention in roots for improving salt tolerance of strawberries

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Effects of ALA on Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity, and Gene Expression, and Regulation of Proline Accumulation in Tomato Seedlings Under NaCl Stress

Cited by 55 publications

References 53 publications

γ-Aminobutyric Acid Imparts Partial Protection from Salt Stress Injury to Maize Seedlings by Improving Photosynthesis and Upregulating Osmoprotectants and Antioxidants

γ-Aminobutyric Acid Imparts Partial Protection from Salt Stress Injury to Maize Seedlings by Improving Photosynthesis and Upregulating Osmoprotectants and Antioxidants

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) biosynthetic and metabolic pathways and its role in higher plants: a review

Hydrogen peroxide as a mediator of 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced Na+ retention in roots for improving salt tolerance of strawberries

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Hydrogen peroxide as a mediator of 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced Na⁺ retention in roots for improving salt tolerance of strawberries