Effects of acute food deprivation on eating behavior in eating disorders

Bidirectional associations between binge eating and restriction in anorexia nervosa. An ecological momentary assessment study

“…This last possibility is particularly troubling as it would highlight the pernicious nature of these behaviors in AN. These findings, together with those from Zunker et al (2011), are consistent with the laboratory findings of Hetherington, Stoner, Andersen, and Rolls (2000) who found that 19 hours of food deprivation (i.e., an overnight fast combined with skipping breakfast and lunch the following day) increased consumption at a dinner meal in individuals with bulimia nervosa but not in individuals with binge eating/purging AN. They concluded that “short-term food deprivation may have a relatively weak influence on eating behavior in the eating disorders, compared to cumulative and chronic periods of caloric restriction” (p. 282).…”

Bidirectional associations between binge eating and restriction in anorexia nervosa. An ecological momentary assessment study

“…This last possibility is particularly troubling as it would highlight the pernicious nature of these behaviors in AN. These findings, together with those from Zunker et al (2011), are consistent with the laboratory findings of Hetherington, Stoner, Andersen, and Rolls (2000) who found that 19 hours of food deprivation (i.e., an overnight fast combined with skipping breakfast and lunch the following day) increased consumption at a dinner meal in individuals with bulimia nervosa but not in individuals with binge eating/purging AN. They concluded that “short-term food deprivation may have a relatively weak influence on eating behavior in the eating disorders, compared to cumulative and chronic periods of caloric restriction” (p. 282).…”

Fasting for 24 Hours Heightens Reward from Food and Food-Related Cues

“…Similar seemingly discrepant results have been found with less dramatic methods of energy deprivation, namely very low calorie diets, where on average subjects reported decreased appetite during the intervention—described as “less food less hunger” [48]–[50]. In a study with a fasting period (19 hours) comparable to our design, subjects without clinical eating pathology did not eat significantly more when allowed access to ad libitum feeding [2]. Compared to FED, the appetite response to the current 24-hour fast was significantly impacted for all four AUC appetite measures.…”

“…Similar findings have been reported regarding aberrant feeding with acute periods (1 day) of fasting in clinical populations [2], [3]. Others, however, have found that acute fasting does not necessarily result in excessive energy intake or negative affect upon reinitiating ad libitum feeding in non-clinical subjects [4], [5].…”

Dense sampling of choices links high learning rates to obesity and low reward sensitivity to binge eating

“…Notably the metabolic scaling of the learning rates lower with a higher BMI, in line with a reduced effect of hunger on motivation in participants with obesity 108 . In contrast, loss of control was associated with a larger metabolic scaling of the reward sensitivity, supporting the idea that larger excursions from energy homeostasis may contribute to the risk for BE [109][110][111] comparable to periods of more negative mood 53,[112][113][114] . Moreover, metabolic signals from the gut potentially shape learning 115 and goal-directed behavior via altered dopamine transmission 40,63,[116][117][118][119] .…”

Bidirectional associations between binge eating and restriction in anorexia nervosa. An ecological momentary assessment study

“…This last possibility is particularly troubling as it would highlight the pernicious nature of these behaviors in AN. These findings, together with those from Zunker et al (2011), are consistent with the laboratory findings of Hetherington, Stoner, Andersen, and Rolls (2000) who found that 19 hours of food deprivation (i.e., an overnight fast combined with skipping breakfast and lunch the following day) increased consumption at a dinner meal in individuals with bulimia nervosa but not in individuals with binge eating/purging AN. They concluded that “short-term food deprivation may have a relatively weak influence on eating behavior in the eating disorders, compared to cumulative and chronic periods of caloric restriction” (p. 282).…”

Fasting for 24 Hours Heightens Reward from Food and Food-Related Cues

“…Similar seemingly discrepant results have been found with less dramatic methods of energy deprivation, namely very low calorie diets, where on average subjects reported decreased appetite during the intervention—described as “less food less hunger” [48]–[50]. In a study with a fasting period (19 hours) comparable to our design, subjects without clinical eating pathology did not eat significantly more when allowed access to ad libitum feeding [2]. Compared to FED, the appetite response to the current 24-hour fast was significantly impacted for all four AUC appetite measures.…”

“…Similar findings have been reported regarding aberrant feeding with acute periods (1 day) of fasting in clinical populations [2], [3]. Others, however, have found that acute fasting does not necessarily result in excessive energy intake or negative affect upon reinitiating ad libitum feeding in non-clinical subjects [4], [5].…”

Dense sampling of choices links high learning rates to obesity and low reward sensitivity to binge eating

“…Notably the metabolic scaling of the learning rates lower with a higher BMI, in line with a reduced effect of hunger on motivation in participants with obesity 108 . In contrast, loss of control was associated with a larger metabolic scaling of the reward sensitivity, supporting the idea that larger excursions from energy homeostasis may contribute to the risk for BE [109][110][111] comparable to periods of more negative mood 53,[112][113][114] . Moreover, metabolic signals from the gut potentially shape learning 115 and goal-directed behavior via altered dopamine transmission 40,63,[116][117][118][119] .…”

Bidirectional associations between binge eating and restriction in anorexia nervosa. An ecological momentary assessment study

“…This last possibility is particularly troubling as it would highlight the pernicious nature of these behaviors in AN. These findings, together with those from Zunker et al (2011), are consistent with the laboratory findings of Hetherington, Stoner, Andersen, and Rolls (2000) who found that 19 hours of food deprivation (i.e., an overnight fast combined with skipping breakfast and lunch the following day) increased consumption at a dinner meal in individuals with bulimia nervosa but not in individuals with binge eating/purging AN. They concluded that “short-term food deprivation may have a relatively weak influence on eating behavior in the eating disorders, compared to cumulative and chronic periods of caloric restriction” (p. 282).…”

Fasting for 24 Hours Heightens Reward from Food and Food-Related Cues

“…Similar seemingly discrepant results have been found with less dramatic methods of energy deprivation, namely very low calorie diets, where on average subjects reported decreased appetite during the intervention—described as “less food less hunger” [48]–[50]. In a study with a fasting period (19 hours) comparable to our design, subjects without clinical eating pathology did not eat significantly more when allowed access to ad libitum feeding [2]. Compared to FED, the appetite response to the current 24-hour fast was significantly impacted for all four AUC appetite measures.…”

“…Similar findings have been reported regarding aberrant feeding with acute periods (1 day) of fasting in clinical populations [2], [3]. Others, however, have found that acute fasting does not necessarily result in excessive energy intake or negative affect upon reinitiating ad libitum feeding in non-clinical subjects [4], [5].…”

Dense sampling of choices links high learning rates to obesity and low reward sensitivity to binge eating

“…Notably the metabolic scaling of the learning rates lower with a higher BMI, in line with a reduced effect of hunger on motivation in participants with obesity 108 . In contrast, loss of control was associated with a larger metabolic scaling of the reward sensitivity, supporting the idea that larger excursions from energy homeostasis may contribute to the risk for BE [109][110][111] comparable to periods of more negative mood 53,[112][113][114] . Moreover, metabolic signals from the gut potentially shape learning 115 and goal-directed behavior via altered dopamine transmission 40,63,[116][117][118][119] .…”