Effects of acidification in multiple stable isotope analyses

Jaschinski, Sybill; Hansen, Thomas; Sommer, Ulrich

doi:10.4319/lom.2008.6.12

Cited by 69 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…These tests consist in dropping a small amount of sample powder in 10 % HCl. Effervescence indicates presence of carbonates, while the lack of visible bubbling suggests that no significant amount of carbonates is present in the tissues (Jaschinski et al 2008). Here, champagne tests indicated that Schizasteridae caeca did not contain carbonates and did not require acidification.…”

Section: Stable Isotope Analysismentioning

confidence: 74%

Trophic plasticity of Antarctic echinoids under contrasted environmental conditions

et al. 2015

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Echinoids are common members of Antarctic zoobenthos, and different groups can show important trophic diversity. As part of the ANT-XXIX/3 cruise of RV Polarstern, trophic plasticity of sea urchins was studied in three neighbouring regions (Drake Passage, Bransfield Strait and Weddell Sea) featuring several depth-related habitats offering different trophic environments to benthic consumers. Three families with contrasting feeding habits (Cidaridae, Echinidae and Schizasteridae) were studied. Gut content examination and stable isotopes ratios of C and N suggest that each of the studied families showed a different response to variation in environmental and food conditions. Schizasteridae trophic plasticity was low, and these sea urchins were bulk sediment feeders relying on sediment-associated organic matter in all regions and/or depth-related habitats. Cidaridae consumed the most animal-derived material. Their diet varied according to the considered area, as sea urchins from Bransfield Strait relied mostly on living and/or dead animal material, while specimens from Weddell Sea fed on a mixture of dead animal material and other detritus. Echinidae also showed important trophic plasticity. They fed on various detrital items in Bransfield Strait, and selectivity of ingested material varied across depth-related habitats. In Weddell Sea, stable isotopes revealed that they mostly relied on highly 13 C-enriched food items, presumably microbially reworked benthic detritus. The differences in adaptive strategies could lead to family-specific responses of Antarctic echinoids to environmental and food-related changes.

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Section: Stable Isotope Analysismentioning

confidence: 74%

Trophic plasticity of Antarctic echinoids under contrasted environmental conditions

et al. 2015

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“…However, the elimination of carbonates is absolutely necessary for some organisms, especially small gastropods and crustaceans that could only be sampled by crushing their shell or carapace. Preliminary analyses showed no statistically significant differences of d 15 N in acid or no-acid treatments (Jaschinski et al 2008a).…”

Section: Stable Isotope Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analytical tools, such as stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, and fatty acid analysis, may add detail to these generalisations (Desvilettes et al 1997;James et al 2000b;Jones and Waldron 2003;Hadwen and Bunn 2005;Jaschinski et al 2008a). The fractionation of d 13 C is thought to be low-maximally 1% per trophic level-and d 13 C is therefore useful to identify different carbon sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trophic importance of epiphytic algae in a freshwater macrophyte system (Potamogeton perfoliatus L.): stable isotope and fatty acid analyses

2010

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26Stable isotope and fatty acid analyses were used to study carbon sources for animals in a 27 submerged plant bed. Epiphytes growing on Potamogeton perfoliatus, sand microflora, and 28 alder leaves were the most important carbon sources. The most abundant macrophyte, P. 29 perfoliatus was unimportant as a food source. Modelling (IsoSource) showed that epiphytes 30were the most important food source for the most abundant benthic invertebrates, the isopod 31Asellus aquaticus (annual mean contribution 64%), the amphipod Gammarus pulex (66%), 32 and the gastropod Potamopyrgus antipodarum (83%). The mean annual contributions of sand 33 microflora were respectively 21, 19, and 9% and of alder leaves, 15, 15, and 8% for these 34 three species. The relative importance of carbon sources varied seasonally. The relative 35 contribution of epiphytes was lowest for all three grazer species in July: A. aquaticus 38%, G. 36 pulex 43%, and P. antipodarum 42%. . A decline in epiphyte biomass in summer may have 37 caused this switch to less attractive food sources. P. perfoliatus provided habitat and shelter 38 for consumers, but food was mainly supplied indirectly by providing space for attached 39 epiphytes, which are fast-growing and provide a highly nutritious food source.

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“…Dried above-ground plant biomass, litter and residues were homogenised and ground into a fine powder using a ball mill. The Champagne test (Jaschinski et al, 2008) was used to determine that no residue samples contained inorganic C. Consequently, acidification of samples was deemed unnecessary. Organic %C, %N and δ 13 C were measured for all samples using an isotope ratio mass spectrometry -elemental analyzer (Thermo Delta V) at the University of Hawaii (HILO).…”

Section: Elemental and Isotopic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment and carbon deposition vary among vegetation assemblages in a coastal salt marsh

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Coastal salt marshes are dynamic, intertidal ecosystems that are increasingly being recognised for their contributions to ecosystem services, including carbon (C) accumulation and storage. The survival of salt marshes and their capacity to store C under rising sea levels, however, is partially reliant upon sedimentation rates and influenced by a combination of physical and biological factors. In this study, we use several complementary methods to assess short-term (days) deposition and medium-term (months) accretion dynamics within a single marsh that contains three salt marsh vegetation types common throughout southeastern (SE) Australia.We found that surface accretion varies among vegetation assemblages, with medium-term (19 months) bulk accretion rates in the upper marsh rush (Juncus) assemblage (1.74 ± 0.13 mm yr −1 ) consistently in excess of estimated local sea-level rise (1.15 mm yr −1 ). Accretion rates were lower and less consistent in both the succulent (Sarcocornia, 0.78 ± 0.18 mm yr −1 ) and grass (Sporobolus, 0.88 ± 0.22 mm yr −1 ) assemblages located lower in the tidal frame. Short-term (6 days) experiments showed deposition within Juncus plots to be dominated by autochthonous organic inputs with C deposition rates ranging from 1.14 ± 0.41 mg C cm −2 d −1 (neap tidal period) to 2.37 ± 0.44 mg C cm −2 d −1 (spring tidal period), while minerogenic inputs and lower C deposition dominated Sarcocornia (0.10 ± 0.02 to 0.62 ± 0.08 mg C cm −2 d −1 ) and Sporobolus (0.17 ± 0.04 to 0.40 ± 0.07 mg C cm −2 d −1 ) assemblages. Elemental (C : N), isotopic (δ 13 C), mid-infrared (MIR) and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses revealed little difference in either the source or character of materials being deposited among neap versus spring tidal periods. Instead, these analyses point to substantial redistribution of materials within the Sarcocornia and Sporobolus assemblages, compared to high retention and preservation of organic inputs in the Juncus assemblage. By combining medium-term accretion quantification with short-term deposition measurements and chemical analyses, we have gained novel insights into above-ground biophysical processes that may explain previously observed regional differences in surface dynamics among key salt marsh vegetation assemblages. Our results suggest that Sarcocornia and Sporobolus assemblages may be particularly susceptible to changes in sea level, though quantification of below-ground processes (e.g. root production, compaction) is needed to confirm this.

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Effects of acidification in multiple stable isotope analyses

Cited by 69 publications

References 28 publications

Trophic plasticity of Antarctic echinoids under contrasted environmental conditions

Trophic plasticity of Antarctic echinoids under contrasted environmental conditions

The trophic importance of epiphytic algae in a freshwater macrophyte system (Potamogeton perfoliatus L.): stable isotope and fatty acid analyses

Sediment and carbon deposition vary among vegetation assemblages in a coastal salt marsh

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