Effects of a single bout of aerobic exercise on short-term low-carbohydrate/high-fat intake-induced postprandial glucose metabolism during an oral glucose tolerance test

Numao, Shigeharu; Kawano, Hiroshi; Endo, Noriko; Yamada, Yuka; Konishi, Masayuki; Takahashi, Masaki; Sakamoto, Shizuo

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2013.05.005

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We used HFD32 chow as the diet for the HFD group, because in some previous studies investigating either the effect of fat adaptation or attenuation of carbohydrate metabolism induced by HFD, subjects consumed high-fat and low-carbohydrate diet having a similar ratio of carbohydrate (around 20% kcal) and/ or fat (around 60% kcal) (16, 18-20, 24, 26, 34). As previous studies suggested that HFD intake for 2-5 d attenuates blood glucose disposal during a glucose tolerance test (20,21) and insulin sensitivity during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic glucose clamp (22,23), even if the subjects performed exercise before the test (26,34), we hypothesized that HFD intake for 3 d would attenuate post-exercise skeletal muscle glycogen recovery. In the present study, mice consuming the HFD for 3 d showed: (1) lower skeletal muscle glycogen levels from pre-exercise to 120 min after exercise, even though they were provided with an adequate amount of glucose during post-exercise recovery; and (2) higher blood glucose levels at 120 min after the first administration of postexercise oral glucose without impairing the insulin signaling pathway in skeletal muscle during post-exercise recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, HFD intake for 2-5 d attenuates blood glucose disposal during a glucose tolerance test (20,21) and insulin sensitivity during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic glucose clamp (22,23) in both humans and rodents, while some studies reported that HFD intake for 3 d does not affect glucose uptake in skeletal muscle at rest (24,25). Furthermore, although enhanced insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and the whole body by physical exercise is generally thought to persist for 24-48 h, a single bout of exercise following a 3 d HFD does not improve wholebody insulin sensitivity (26). Even though enhanced glucose uptake and glycogen resynthesis in skeletal muscle are observed immediately after exercise, the pos-sibility exists that pre-exercise short-term exposure to an HFD may attenuate post-exercise glycogen repletion in skeletal muscle.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pre-Exercise High-Fat Diet for 3 Days Affects Post-Exercise Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Repletion

Takahashi

Matsunaga

Tamura

et al. 2017

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Previous studies have shown that the short-term intake of a high-fat diet (HFD) impairs glucose metabolism. In this study, we investigated the influences of pre-exercise HFD intake for 3 d on post-exercise glycogen repletion in skeletal muscle in ICR mice. Mice received either an HFD (57% kcal from fat, 23% kcal from carbohydrate; HFD group) or standard laboratory chow (13% kcal from fat, 60% kcal from carbohydrate; Con group) for 3 d before exercise. Mice performed treadmill running at 25 m/min for 60 min and were orally administered a glucose (2 mg/g body weight) solution immediately after and at 60 min after exercise. A negative main effect of pre-exercise HFD intake was observed for skeletal muscle glycogen concentration from the pre-exercise phase to 120 min of post-exercise recovery (p,0.01). Blood glucose concentration in the HFD group was significantly higher than in the Con group at 120 min after exercise (p,0.01). No significant difference was observed in plasma insulin concentration. There were no significant between-group differences in the phosphorylation state of Akt Thr308, AMPK Thr172, AS160 Thr642, or glycogen synthase Ser641 or in glucose transporter 4 protein levels during post-exercise recovery. Our results suggest that the intake of a pre-exercise HFD for 3 d affects post-exercise glycogen repletion in skeletal muscle without impairing the insulin signaling cascade. Key Words skeletal muscle, post-exercise recovery, high-fat diet, glucoseThe pre-exercise glycogen store in skeletal muscle is considered a major determinant of exercise performance during moderate-to high-intensity exercise (1-4). When exercise intensity exceeds around 60-65% VO2max, the skeletal muscle glycogen store is the predominant source of energy (5, 6). Moreover, recent studies suggest that glycogen per se is important for skeletal muscle force production by the modulating excitationcontraction coupling process (7). When individuals are involved in multiple training sessions and competitions over successive days or within a day, enhancing glycogen repletion in skeletal muscle after exercise is essential for improving performance during subsequent exercise.Some athletes alter their dietary composition of carbohydrate and fat for several days to enhance their exercise performance. For example, adaptation to a ketogenic diet, which severely restricts carbohydrate intake (,20 g/d or 5% of total daily energy intake) and contains high fat levels and an adequate amount of protein, has been shown to be useful for weight control without detrimental effects on skeletal muscle mass, power output, or strength after not only long-term (.2 wk) but also short-term (7 d) administration (8-10). Adaptation to a ketogenic diet increases fat utilization and reduces carbohydrate reliance during exercise without impairing endurance capacity at 62-64% VO 2max under a state of insufficient carbohydrate availability (overnight fasting) (11). However, as a ketogenic diet sometimes causes side effects, including increased perceived exertio...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Exercise High-Fat Diet for 3 Days Affects Post-Exercise Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Repletion

Takahashi

Matsunaga

Tamura

et al. 2017

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…2A) and first-phase insulin release (Fig. 2B) induced by the high-fat diet intake in healthy young men 42) . However, it suppressed the increased postprandial GLP-1 concentration caused by the high-fat diet intake.…”

Section: Single Bout Of Exercise and Postprandial Hyperglycemia Causementioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, little is known regarding the interaction between the effect of exercise and a high-fat diet on postprandial glucose metabolism. In our study of the effect of moderate and continuous exercise on postprandial hyperglycemia caused by shortterm intake of a high-fat diet 42) , a single bout of moderate and continuous exercise (200 kcal expended at 50% peak oxygen uptake) was performed on the last day of a 3-day high-fat diet intake (PFC ratio = 11%:69%:20%) period, and postprandial glucose metabolism was assessed using a 75g-OGTT the next morning. A single bout of moderate and continuous exercise did not improve the aggravation of postprandial blood glucose concentration ( Fig.…”

Section: Single Bout Of Exercise and Postprandial Hyperglycemia Causementioning

confidence: 99%

A single bout of exercise and postprandial hyperglycemia caused by high-fat diet

Numao

2016

JPFSM

Self Cite

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Postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with an increase in cardiovascular disease risk. Therefore, it is important to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia. Both daily diet and exercise are important factors to control postprandial hyperglycemia. The short-term intake of a high-fat diet worsens postprandial glucose metabolism. Although a single bout of exercise can improve postprandial glucose metabolism, a single bout of moderate-continuous exercise has less effect on the impact of the short-term intake of a high-fat diet on postprandial glucose metabolism, probably because this type of intake impairs the effect of a single bout of moderatecontinuous exercise. Further studies are required to determine the exercise regimen that effectively ameliorates the worsening of postprandial glucose metabolism.

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“…Selain itu, subjek pada penelitian ini merupakan laki-laki muda dan sehat tanpa gangguan kardiometabolik sehingga pengaruh latihan fisik pada subjek ini mungkin kurang signifikan dibanding dengan subjek dengan gangguan metabolik. 13 Penurunan GDP yang sangat bermakna pada kelompok LKIS pada penelitian ini memperkuat paradigma bahwa latihan intensitas sedang secara teratur dapat meningkatkan kontrol glukosa darah pada subjek yang sehat sehingga relevan untuk menjadi upaya pencegahan penyakit metabolik. Penelitian lain dengan subjek tikus DM yang diberi latihan fisik intensitas ringan-sedang secara teratur pun menunjukkan perbaikan nilai GDP yang bermakna.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Perbandingan Latihan Kontinu Intensitas Sedang dan Latihan Interval Intensitas Tinggi terhadap Kontrol Glukosa Darah

Atsari¹,

Susanto²,

Argarini³

2016

mkb

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AbstrakPencegahan diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) dapat dilakukan dengan memperbanyak latihan fisik. Latihan kontinu intensitas sedang (LKIS) dan latihan interval intensitas tinggi (LIIT) diketahui dapat meningkatkan kontrol glukosa pada orang dengan resistensi insulin/DMT2. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan efek LIIT dan LKIS pada orang sehat terhadap kontrol glukosa darah, yaitu glukosa darah puasa (GDP) dan tes toleransi glukosa oral (TTGO). usia (20,07±0,62), IMT (23,94±3,59) kg/m 2 berpartisipasi dalam kelompok LKIS, LIIT, atau kontrol. Latihan Ergocycle dilakukan 3 sesi/minggu selama 4 minggu; LKIS dengan total durasi 46 menit/sesi (intensitas sedang 50-60% denyut jantung cadangan [HRR] selama 40 menit); LIIT dengan total durasi 24 menit/ sesi (6 siklus; 2 menit intensitas tinggi 80-90% HRR + 1 menit intensitas sedang 50-60% HRR). Kontrol tidak mendapat intervensi latihan. GDP dan TTGO (120' setelah beban glukosa) diperiksa 3 hari sebelum dan setelah program latihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan GDP menurun pada semua kelompok, tetapi hanya LKIS yang menunjukkan penurunan signifikan (p=0,048). TTGO ditemukan tidak berubah di semua kelompok (p>0,05). LKIS memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan kontrol glukosa darah pada subjek dewasa muda. Penelitian lanjutan dengan modifikasi dosis latihan diperlukan untuk mengetahui efek LIIT lebih lanjut. [MKB. 2016;48(4):194-9] Kata kunci: kontrol glukosa darah, latihan interval intensitas tinggi, latihan kontinu intensitas sedang Comparison of Moderate Intensity Continuous Training and High Intensity Interval Training on Blood Glucose Control AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can be prevented by intensive physical exercise/training. Moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) are known to improve glucose control in people with insulin resistance and T2DM. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of MICT and HIIT in healthy people on blood glucose levels, which was measured through fasting blood glucose (FBG) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Healthy men (n=27), aged (20.07 ± 0.62), BMI (23.94 ± 3.59) kg/m2 participated in either MICT, HIIT, or Control group (n=9 each group). Ergocycle exercise were performed 3 times/week for 4 weeks; MICT with a total duration of 46 minutes/session (moderate intensity 50-60% heart rate reserve [HRR]) for 40 minutes); HIIT with a total duration of 24 minutes/session (6 cycles; 2 mins high intensity 80-90% HRR + 1 min moderate intensity 50-60% HRR). Controls did not receive any programmed training. FBG and OGTT (120' after glucose load) were checked 3 days before and after the exercise program. This study found that FBG decreased in all groups but only the MICT group showed a significant reduction (p=0.048). OGTT was found unaltered in all groups (p>0.05). MICT has the potential to improve blood glucose control in healthy young adult subjects. However, further research with exercise dose modification is required to elucidate the effects of HIIT. [MKB. 2016;48(...

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Effects of a single bout of aerobic exercise on short-term low-carbohydrate/high-fat intake-induced postprandial glucose metabolism during an oral glucose tolerance test

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Pre-Exercise High-Fat Diet for 3 Days Affects Post-Exercise Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Repletion

Pre-Exercise High-Fat Diet for 3 Days Affects Post-Exercise Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Repletion

A single bout of exercise and postprandial hyperglycemia caused by high-fat diet

Perbandingan Latihan Kontinu Intensitas Sedang dan Latihan Interval Intensitas Tinggi terhadap Kontrol Glukosa Darah

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