Effects of a short eight Tai Chi-forms for the pre-frail elderly people in senior living communities

Guo, Yujie; Liu, Howe; Wu, Qin; Chen, Anju; Gao, Zhipeng; Xing, Fengmei; Liu, Guangtian

doi:10.1080/09593985.2021.1926023

Cited by 19 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…As a result, we hypothesized that eight-form Tai Chi requires far less physical ability and intensity [ 30 ]. Eight-form Tai Chi has been shown to improve lower limb muscle strength and gait speed in the frail elderly [ 31 ]. Therefore, we hypothesized that a hybrid exercise program incorporating eight-form Tai Chi and strength and endurance training could improve the health of the frail elderly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a Hybrid Exercise Program on the Physical Abilities of Frail Elderly and Explainable Artificial-Intelligence-Based Clinical Assistance

Meng

Guo

Liang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Due to the low physical fitness of the frail elderly, current exercise program strategies have a limited impact. Eight-form Tai Chi has a low intensity, but high effectiveness in the elderly. Inspired by it, we designed an exercise program that incorporates eight-form Tai Chi, strength, and endurance exercises, to improve physical fitness and reverse frailty in the elderly. Additionally, for the ease of use in clinical practice, machine learning simulations were used to predict the frailty status after the intervention. Methods: For 24 weeks, 150 frail elderly people completed the experiment, which comprised the eight-form Tai Chi group (TC), the strength and endurance training group (SE), and a comprehensive intervention combining both TC and SE (TCSE). The comparison of the demographic variables used one-way ANOVA for continuous data and the chi-squared test for categorical data. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine significant main effects and interaction effects. Eleven machine learning models were used to predict the frailty status of the elderly following the intervention. Results: Two-way repeated measures ANOVA results before the intervention, group effects of ten-meter maximum walking speed (10 m MWS), grip strength (GS), timed up and go test (TUGT), and the six-minute walk test (6 min WT) were not significant. There was a significant interaction effect of group × time in ten-meter maximum walking speed, grip strength, and the six-minute walk test. Post hoc tests showed that after 24 weeks of intervention, subjects in the TCSE group showed the greatest significant improvements in ten-meter maximum walking speed (p < 0.05) and the six-minute walk test (p < 0.05) compared to the TC group and SE group. The improvement in grip strength in the TCSE group (4.29 kg) was slightly less than that in the SE group (5.16 kg). There was neither a significant main effect nor a significant interaction effect for TUGT in subjects. The stacking model outperformed other algorithms. Accuracy and the F1-score were 67.8% and 71.3%, respectively. Conclusion: A hybrid exercise program consisting of eight-form Tai Chi and strength and endurance exercises can more effectively improve physical fitness and reduce frailty among the elderly. It is possible to predict whether an elderly person will reverse frailty following an exercise program based on the stacking model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a Hybrid Exercise Program on the Physical Abilities of Frail Elderly and Explainable Artificial-Intelligence-Based Clinical Assistance

Meng

Guo

Liang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The posture in each TC form must be very stable with the body's center of gravity vertically on the surface of support and immediately followed by bodyweight mobility to find the next stable posture 1. Thus, the cycle of body stability mobility-stability repeats, during which yin-yang attributes (like arms closing vs opening, leg solid vs empty standing, and limb defensive vs offensive move) can be identified in TC performance 17,18…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To make arms move away from the body or COG (center of gravity) and then move back toward the body can be constantly seen in TC practice. These alternating movements of arms away to open the body (yang) and arms back to close the body (yin) from one form to next are coordinated with a deep, controlled diaphragmatic breathing pattern: breathing in as arms moved away from the body and breathing out as arms moved back toward the body 17,18. To define the coordination pattern between body movement and breathing, usually, the time used to open arms should equal the time used for inspiration, while the time used to close arms should equal the time used for expiration 17…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Yin-Yang Philosophic Concept Behind Tai Chi Practice

Liu,

Nichols,

Zhang

2023

Holistic Nursing Practice

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Yin-yang theorizes that everything in the world is interoppositionally unified with 2 dynamic opposites (yin and yang), interrooted, interchangeable, and interconvertible. Tai chi (TC) movements and postures are essentially yin-yang concept-based. However, there is still a lack of understanding of yin-yang concepts and applications among people practicing TC. So, in this concept review, we aimed to provide basic understanding of the yin-yang concept and characteristics behind TC practice. Terms derived from the yin-yang concept in TC practice may include blood/qi (energy), stability/mobility, closing/opening moves, expiration/inspiration, solid/empty stance, and defensive/offensive hand movements and postures. These yin-yang attributes are interrestricted and dependent on maintaining a dynamic mind-body harmony. With the yin-yang application, TC can be considered a self-controlled balance perturbation exercise to challenge the stability-mobility (yin-yang) to a new level of harmony. As a health promotion holistic intervention, TC can facilitate the flow in blood/qi pathways or meridians to improve medical conditions. As an integrative mind-body exercise, TC can activate different body parts and brain regions to participate in and coordinate the combined physical and mental activities.

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“…Wang, Wu, Ye, Wang, & Zheng, 2021). In addition, TC and Bdj are effective in improving gait balance and stability (Ge et al, 2021), preventing falls in the elderly (Dong et al, 2021; Huang et al, 2017), and is better tailored (Li et al, 2018). Research in China and abroad has shown that TC and Bdj are also effective in improving the psychological symptoms of different groups of people and can effectively relieve depression and anxiety (Cai et al, 2022; Marc et al, 2011; Zhu, Li, Li, & Wan, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that TC and aerobic exercise may have similar neurological patterns ( Wei et al, 2013 ), causing changes in regional structure, and that long-term practice of TC and Bdj has better cognitive function ( Chen et al, 2020 ; X. Wang, Wu, Ye, Wang, & Zheng, 2021 ). In addition, TC and Bdj are effective in improving gait balance and stability ( Ge et al, 2021 ), preventing falls in the elderly ( Dong et al., 2021 ; Huang et al, 2017 ), and is better tailored ( Li et al, 2018 ). Research in China and abroad has shown that TC and Bdj are also effective in improving the psychological symptoms of different groups of people and can effectively relieve depression and anxiety ( Cai et al, 2022 ; Marc et al, 2011 ; Zhu, Li, Li, & Wan, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Tai Chi and Baduanjin Activities on Physical Interventions With Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Tang

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of Tai Chi (TC) and Baduanjin (Bdj) activities on the physical intervention of compulsory segregation drug addicts through a meta-analysis system. Methods: Six commonly used databases were searched by computer to collect publicly available studies on the physical interventions of TC and Bdj activities for drug addicts from the time of database construction to May 2021. Two researchers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, jointly extracted the data, and evaluated the quality of the literature, and conducted Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: A total of 16 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 15 publications were included. Meta-analysis indicate that compared with the control group, TC and Bdj had significant effects on blood pressure, lung capacity, heart rate, closed-eye single-leg stand, and seated forward bending in drug addicts, as evidenced by: systolic pressure MD=−4.66, 95%CI = [−7.94, −1.39], p = .005; diastolic pressure MD = −3.49, 95%CI=[−5.45, −1.52], p = .0005; spirometry MD = 12.68, 95%CI = [43.83, 197.52], p = .002; heart rate MD = −2.78, 95%CI = [4.76, −.8], p = .006; MD = 1.47, 95%CI = [6.1, 14.84], p < .00,001 for one-leg stand with eyes closed, MD = 3.08, 95%CI = [1.8, 4.36], p < .00,001 for seated forward bend; however, the effect of TC and Bdj on BMI MD = .01, 95%CI = [−.54, .56], p = .97; grip strength MD = .68, 95%CI = [−.99, 2.34], p = .43; body fat percentage MD = .04, 95%CI = [−.59,.67], p = .91 had no effect. Conclusions: Tai Chi and Bdj can improve the cardiovascular system, cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, and body flexibility of drug addicts better than conventional rehabilitation.

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Effects of a short eight Tai Chi-forms for the pre-frail elderly people in senior living communities

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Effectiveness of a Hybrid Exercise Program on the Physical Abilities of Frail Elderly and Explainable Artificial-Intelligence-Based Clinical Assistance

Effectiveness of a Hybrid Exercise Program on the Physical Abilities of Frail Elderly and Explainable Artificial-Intelligence-Based Clinical Assistance

Understanding Yin-Yang Philosophic Concept Behind Tai Chi Practice

The Effects of Tai Chi and Baduanjin Activities on Physical Interventions With Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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