Effects of a brisk walk on lipoprotein lipase activity and plasma triglyceride concentrations in the fasted and postprandial states

Gill, Jason M. R.; Herd, Sara L.; Vora, Vandana; Hardman, Adrianne E.

doi:10.1007/s00421-003-0827-1

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The most likely explanation for this apparent discrepancy is the fact that participants stopped lipid-lowering medication 2 weeks prior to the study, a period that may have been too short. Both Sit Less and Exercise resulted in lower fasting plasma triacylglycerol levels, which may be the result of increased triacylglycerol clearance due to enhanced lipoprotein lipase activity [31]. These observed lower triacylglycerol levels after physical activity are in line with previous [16,31] but not all [15] studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Both Sit Less and Exercise resulted in lower fasting plasma triacylglycerol levels, which may be the result of increased triacylglycerol clearance due to enhanced lipoprotein lipase activity [31]. These observed lower triacylglycerol levels after physical activity are in line with previous [16,31] but not all [15] studies. In the latter study, however, triacylglycerol levels were probably measured too soon after exercise, as lipoprotein lipase activity typically peaks ≥8 h post exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Breaking sitting with light activities vs structured exercise: a randomised crossover study demonstrating benefits for glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes

et al. 2016

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Aims/hypothesis We aimed to examine the effects of breaking sitting with standing and light-intensity walking vs an energy-matched bout of structured exercise on 24 h glucose levels and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods In a randomised crossover study, 19 patients with type 2 diabetes (13 men/6 women, 63 ± 9 years old) who were not using insulin each followed three regimens under free-living conditions, each lasting 4 days: (1) Sitting: 4415 steps/day with 14 h sitting/day; (2) Exercise: 4823 steps/day with 1.1 h/day of sitting replaced by moderate-to vigorous-intensity cycling (at an intensity of 5.9 metabolic equivalents [METs]); and (3) Sit Less: 17,502 steps/day with 4.7 h/day of sitting replaced by standing and light-intensity walking (an additional 2.5 h and 2.2 h, respectively, compared with the hours spent doing these activities in the Sitting regimen). Blocked randomisation was performed using a block size of six regimen orders using sealed, non-translucent envelopes. Individuals who assessed the outcomes were blinded to group assignment. Meals were standardised during each intervention. Physical activity and glucose levels were assessed for 24 h/day by accelerometry (activPAL) and a glucose monitor (iPro2), respectively. The incremental AUC (iAUC) for 24 h glucose (primary outcome) and insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) were assessed on days 4 and 5, respectively. Results The iAUC for 24 h glucose (mean ± SEM) was significantly lower during the Sit Less intervention than in Sitting (1263 ± 189 min × mmol/l vs 1974 ± 324 min × mmol/l; p = 0.002), and was similar between Sit Less and Exercise (Exercise: 1383 ± 194 min × mmol/l; p = 0.499). Exercise failed to improve HOMA2-IR compared with Sitting (2.06 ± 0.28 vs 2.16 ± 0.26; p = 0.177). In contrast, Sit Less (1.89 ± 0.26) significantly reduced HOMA2-IR compared with Exercise (p = 0.015) as well as Sitting (p = 0.001). Conclusions/interpretation Breaking sitting with standing and light-intensity walking effectively improved 24 h glucose levels and improved insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes to a greater extent than structured exercise. Thus, our results suggest that breaking sitting with standing and light-intensity walking may be an alternative to structured exercise to promote glycaemic control in patients type 2 diabetes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Breaking sitting with light activities vs structured exercise: a randomised crossover study demonstrating benefits for glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes

et al. 2016

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“…However, since we did not observe interaction effects between groups for maximal oxygen uptake and pre-heparin serum LPL, it is not known whether a higher volume of exercise training would increase pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations. Nevertheless, several studies have shown that the magnitude of change in post-heparin blood LPL activity or skeletal muscle LPL activity is much smaller after performing an acute bout of moderate-intensity/ moderate-volume exercise [24][25][26] . Thus, it is possible that a high volume of exercise may be required to increase the pre-heparin serum LPL concentration, as in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twelve-Week Jogging Training Increases Pre-Heparin Serum Lipoprotein Lipase Concentrations in Overweight/Obese Middle-Aged Men

Miyashita

Eto

Sasai

et al. 2010

JAT

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Aim: Enhancement of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity through drug administration has been shown to increase pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations; however, pre-heparin serum LPL responses to exercise training have not been determined. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of supervised aerobic exercise training on pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations in overweight/obese men. Methods: Fifteen overweight/obese middle-aged men were assigned to one of two 12-week supervised exercise interventions: a walking group (eight participants gradually increasing brisk walking to 60 min/day 3 days a week) or a jogging group (seven participants gradually increasing jogging to 60 min/day 3 days a week). All participants maintained ad libitum diets. Blood samples were collected at baseline and immediately after 12 weeks. The primary outcome was pre-heparin serum LPL. Results: Pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations were increased in the jogging group after 12 weeks compared with the baseline values (mean SEM: 37.6 4.7 vs. 51.0 6.6 ng/mL, respectively, p 0.033). In the walking group, pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations remained unchanged after 12 weeks. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that 12 weeks of jogging training increases pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations in overweight/obese middle-aged men. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2010; 17:21-29.Key words; Aerobic exercise, Training, Pre-heparin serum lipoprotein lipase, Lipid metabolism nous injection of heparin, LPL is detached from the endothelium surface and released in blood. Alternatively, a small fraction of LPL protein naturally (i.e., without intravenous injection of heparin) detached from the endothelial surface is detectable in serum by a sensitive enzyme-linked immunoassay 2,3) . Although pre-heparin serum LPL is catalytically inactive and its physiological role is not fully understood, previous cross-sectional studies have shown that pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations were considerably lower in patients with type 2 diabetes 4) and hyperlipidaemia 5) compared with healthy individuals. A previous cross-sectional study also reported an inverse relationship between pre-heparin serum LPL concentration and serum triacylglycerol concentration in both healthy individuals and hyperlipidaemic patients 6)

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“…Two other reports have demonstrated that exercise-induced decreases in postprandial lipaemia do not necessarily coincide with increases in LPL activity. Herd et al [33] found that 90 min of moderate exercise did not increase mean skeletal muscle LPL activity 18 h following exercise despite significantly reducing postprandial lipaemia at this time, and Gill et al [32] similarly reported that 90 min of moderate exercise did not significantly increase fasting or postprandial post-heparin LPL activity on the day following exercise despite significantly reducing fasting and postprandial TG concentrations. In the latter two studies [32,33], the subjects experiencing the largest exercise-induced TG reductions also had the greatest increases in LPL.…”

Section: Evidence For Mechanisms Other Than Increased Tg Clearancementioning

confidence: 98%

Exercise and postprandial lipid metabolism – an analysis of the current evidence

Gill

2004

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Exercise and postprandial lipid metabolism -an analysis of the current evidenceExaggerated levels of postprandial lipaemia are implicated in the atherosclerotic disease process and are a risk marker for cardiovascular disease. Postprandial lipaemia is reduced following an exercise session and the energy expended during exercise is an important determinant of the extent of triglyceride (TG) lowering. Interestingly, the TGlowering effect of an exercise session cannot be replicated by restricting energy intake to elicit a similar level of energy deficit. It seems likely that the low levels of postprandial lipaemia experienced by endurance-trained individuals are largely due to the TG-lowering effects of individual exercise sessions, rather than long-term training adaptations, although trained individuals may also benefit from the hypotriglyceridaemic effects of having low levels of body fat. Increased lipoprotein lipase-mediated TG clearance and reduced hepatic TG secretion are both likely to contribute to the TG reductions seen following an exercise session, but the relative importance of these two mechanisms is likely to depend on a number of factors including the energy expended during exercise and the training status of the exercising subject. Further study is needed to determine the effectiveness of exercise in reducing postprandial lipaemia in groups at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and to assess the impact of these lipoprotein changes on other aspects of cardiovascular risk.

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Effects of a brisk walk on lipoprotein lipase activity and plasma triglyceride concentrations in the fasted and postprandial states

Abstract: The introduction of this article stated that 'low density lipoprotein' are a feature of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. This was a misprint and should have stated that 'small dense low density lipoprotein' are a feature of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype.

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Breaking sitting with light activities vs structured exercise: a randomised crossover study demonstrating benefits for glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes

Breaking sitting with light activities vs structured exercise: a randomised crossover study demonstrating benefits for glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes

Twelve-Week Jogging Training Increases Pre-Heparin Serum Lipoprotein Lipase Concentrations in Overweight/Obese Middle-Aged Men

Exercise and postprandial lipid metabolism – an analysis of the current evidence

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