Effects of 24-h acute total sleep deprivation on physiological coupling in healthy young adults

Abstract

Sleep deprivation is associated with dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, adverse cardiovascular events, cognitive and complex motor performance impairment. Less is known about the effects of acute total sleep deprivation (ATSD) on physiological coupling. We aimed to determine the effects of 24-h ATSD on the physiological coupling between complex subsystems by evaluating the cardiorespiratory, cardiovascular and cortico-cardiac interactions. This study enrolled 38 young healthy participants aged 23.2 ± 2.4 years. Multiple synchronous physiological signals including electrocardiography, photoplethysmography, bio-electrical impedance, electroencephalography, and continuous hemodynamic data, were performed over a baseline night after regular sleep and after a night with 24-h ATSD in the supine position. The magnitude squared coherence, phase synchronization index, and heartbeat evoked potential amplitudes, were obtained from 10-min synchronous physiological recordings to estimate the coupling strength between two time series. Parameters of hemodynamic characteristics and heart rate variability were also calculated to quantify autonomic regulation. Results indicated that the magnitude squared coherence (0.38 ± 0.17 vs. 0.29 ± 0.12, p = 0.015) between respiration and heart rate variability along with the magnitude squared coherence (0.36 ± 0.18 vs. 0.27 ± 0.13, p = 0.012) between respiration and pulse transit time were significantly decreased after 24-h ATSD. There were no significant differences (all p > 0.05) in phase synchronization indices, heartbeat evoked potential amplitudes as well as other analyzed measurements between baseline and 24-h ATSD states. We conclude that exposure to 24-h ATSD appears to weaken the cardiorespiratory and respiratory-cardiovascular coupling strength of young healthy adults. These findings suggest that physiological coupling analysis may serve as a complementary approach for characterizing and understanding the complex effects of sleep deprivation.

Psychomotor Performance after 30 h of Sleep Deprivation Combined with Exercise

“…In both groups, the U-shaped pattern of MCRT was confirmed, which is in agreement with most of the previous data [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. The lack of differences in MCRT and the shortest MCRT between groups is in contrast to what would be expected based on the results of studies on SD alone, which almost unanimously report the detrimental effect of the lack of sleep on psychomotor performance and other aspects of the cognitive functions as well [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 19 ]. This could be explained by what has been already found at rest, namely the higher arousal induced by prolonged exercise had balanced its decrease produced by the lack of sleep.…”

“…The novel aspect of the present study reveals the psychomotor performance measured during exercise in subjects submitted to 30 h of sleep deprivation combined with moderate intensity prolonged exercise (SDE). Interestingly, psychomotor performance measured at rest in the SDE trial was improved, most probably because the additional stimulation induced by prolonged exercise annihilated the usually observed detrimental effect of sleep deprivation [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 19 ]. Several factors influenced by exercise also affect the brain and might have led to such a result.…”

“…Sleep deprivation (SD) entails a broad spectrum of negative physiological and psychological outcomes, with significant declines in psychomotor performance, cognition, vigilance and attention [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Few studies found no adverse effects of SD on psychomotor performance [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Cardiovascular and autonomic consequences of sleep fragmentation

“…Observed changes resulted in an increase in the left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and pre-ejection period (PEP). In the current literature, changes in cardiac function during sleep fragmentation or even acute sleep deprivation are less well-defined [21]. The authors' previous study has shown that sleep fragmentation affects haemodynamics, notably stroke index more than sleep deprivation [22].…”

Relationship between endoscopic gastroesophageal valve grading and mean nocturnal baseline impedance and postreflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave index in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

“…[4][5][6] In particular, the mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) and the postreflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave index Medicine (PSPWI) are important in the diagnosis and evaluation of GERD, but their association with valve classification has not been clarified. [7] To fill this knowledge gap, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between endoscopic gastroesophageal valve grading and MNBI and PSPWI in patients with GERD. We collected the clinical data of 120 patients with GERD and divided them into 5 groups according to the severity of endoscopic gastroesophageal valve grading.…”