Effects of 16 Weeks of Concurrent Training on Resting Heart Rate Variability and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in People Living With HIV/AIDS Using Antiretroviral Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Pedro, RE, Guariglia, DA, Okuno, NM, Deminice, R, Peres, SB, and Moraes, SMF. Effects of 16 weeks of concurrent training on resting heart rate variability and cardiorespiratory fitness in people living with HIV/AIDS using antiretroviral therapy: a randomized clinical trial. J Strength Cond Res 30(12): 3494-3502, 2016-The study evaluated the effects of concurrent training on resting heart rate variability (HRVrest) and cardiorespiratory fitness in people living with HIV/AIDS undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART). Fifty-eight participants were randomized into 2 groups (control and training group); however, only 33 were analyzed. The variables studied were HRVrest indices, submaximal values of oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2sub) and heart rate (HR5min), peak speed (Vpeak), and peak oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak). The training group performed concurrent training (15-20 minutes of aerobic exercise plus 40 minutes of resistance exercise), 3 times per week, for 16 weeks. Posttraining V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak and Vpeak increased, and HR5min decreased. Resting heart rate variability indices did not present statistical differences posttraining; however, the magnitude-based inferences demonstrated a "possibly positive effect" for high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF) plus high frequency (LF + HF) and a "likely positive effect" for R-Rmean posttraining. In conclusion, concurrent training was effective at improving cardiorespiratory fitness and endurance performance. Moreover, it led to probably a positive effect on HF and a likely positive effect on R-Rmean in people living with HIV/AIDS undergoing ART.

Effects of physical exercises on inflammatory biomarkers and cardiopulmonary function in patients living with HIV: a systematic review with meta-analysis

“…In addition, four studies [36, 68, 70, 77] included flexibility exercise. Aerobic exercise studies had control groups involved in a dietary, soft stretching and relaxation program [74], maintained current/usual level of activities during the course of the study [71, 75], did not engage in any exercise [65, 72], received counselling [66], and utilized conventional therapy [67] while Resistance exercise studies had Control groups that engaged in relaxation during the course of the study [66, 76], maintained normal/daily activities [36, 73] and did not engage in any form of exercise [68, 70, 77].…”

Adesão e aderência a um programa de exercício físico em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS

“…Por outro lado, os resultados com relação as barreiras percebidas são semelhantes ao trabalho de Ribeiro et al 14 que entrevistou 35 sujeitos com HIV/aids que apresentavam baixa prevalência de prática de atividade física no lazer e percebiam barreiras como "preguiça ou cansaço", "falta de companhia", "possuir lesão ou doença", "falta de dinheiro" e "medo de se machucar". Observa-se diferenças na frequência das barreiras "preguiça ou cansaço e possuir lesão ou doença" do estudo Consideráveis índices de desistência nos estudos são observados na literatura com a população de pessoas vivendo com HIV em estudos com programas de exercício físico 11,12 . Em geral os trabalhos consideram abandono quando os sujeitos que não completarem pelo menos 75% das sessões.…”

“…O programa oferecido nesse projeto proporcionou melhorias na composição corporal 22 , na citocinas circulantes 23 e na atividade autonômica, como a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca entre os participantes 11 , o que mostra a grande importância de programas como esse de serem oferecidos a essa população. No entanto, não se pode esquecer uma dimensão importante que é a manutenção dessas pessoas na prática de atividade física, e nesse sentido, os dados do presente estudo podem ser importantes para o planejamento de ações futuras.…”

“…Apesar de bem estabelecido na literatura os benefícios do exercício físico e sua importância para saúde física, mental e social em pessoas vivendo com HIV/ aids, diferentes investigações relatam a baixa adesão dos mesmos para a prática do exercício 9,10 . Baixos níveis de atividade física (AF) têm sido identificados nessa população 9,10 , além de taxas de abandono a estudos que oferecem programas de exercício acima de 30% 11,12 .…”

Physical Exercise Improves Health Domains in HIV Patients: ’Lifting a Burden’

“…A six-week program of peer-led exercise in AmaXhosa HIV patients led to some pain reduction [38] whereas among HIV-patients living in the deep south of the United States, where physical exertion was observed a huge hindrance rendering most participants sedentary, benefits to physical performance were forthcoming [39,40]. Pedro et al [41] studied parameters of cardiovascular functioning, including heart rate variability, submaximal values of oxygen uptake, heart rate, peak speed and peak oxygen uptake following sixteen weeks of concurrent aerobic exercise in HIV patients. They found that this exercise schedule was effective in providing improved cardiovascular fitness and higher endurance performance.…”