Effects and indications of sacral surface therapeutic electrical stimulation in refractory urinary incontinence

Abstract

SS-TES was effective in some patients with refractory urinary incontinence.

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Treating Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: A Systematic Review

“…After screening 1943 abstracts, 22 studies were included in a narrative synthesis [11] (Tables 1-4; Fig. 2A-H): two RCTs [12,13], 14 prospective cohort studies [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], five retrospective case series [28][29][30][31][32], and one case report [33].…”

Impact of Therapeutic Electrical Stimulation of Sacral Surface Considering Individual Anatomical Sacral Variations on Early Recovery Urinary Continence after Radical Prostatectomy

“…Besides, the efficiency of treating UI was variable in all the studies which would be due to lack of standard and homogenous procedure and categorizing the patients. Sacral surface therapeutic electrical stimulation (SSTES) is a neuromodulation technique which has been used treat UI [18]. In RP patients, Nakagawa et al, reported that applying SSTES one day after surgery led to significantly larger mean void volume and significantly lower urine loss ratio as early as on day 3 as compared to control group which did not received any stimulation [24].…”

“…Stimulation of sacral nerves by implanted electrodes has shown to be more efficient in treating incontinence than surface electrodes [18]. However, it is commonly associated with pain and post-operative infection.…”

“…Many studies have reported the efficacy of stimulating sacral nerves in treating UI arising due to various reasons [18] [24] [25] [26] [27]. Stimulation of sacral nerves by implanted electrodes has shown to be more efficient in treating incontinence than surface electrodes [18].…”

“…Electrical stimulation (ES) has been used over several decades in the treatment of various lower urinary tract dysfunctions. Neuromodulation via ES using surface electrodes is the preferred method than implantable electrodes as the former is noninvasive and easy to administer [18]. Various sites for therapeutic application of ES have been studied to treat PPI.…”