“…,6,8,12,16,19,20,24,27,30}, {2,7,13,15,17,21,23,26,29}, {3,4,5,9,11,14,18,22,25,28}, {3,4,5,9,11,14,18,22,25,28}) 29 Dual Simulation Φ(1,2,3,4) → ( {1,6,8,12,16,19,20,24,27,30}, {2,7,13,15,17,21,23,26,29}, {3,4,5,9,14,18,22,25,28}, {3,4,5,9,14,18,22,25,28}) (Fard, Nisar, Ramaswamy, Miller, & Saltz, 2013). Also, a very recent thread of research investigates the usage of view and caching techniques with respect to pattern queries (Fan, Wang, & Wu, 2014), (Fard, Manda, Ramaswamy, & Miller, 2014). Moreover, real-world data graphs are evolving over time; i.e., there are minor changes in their structure through the time.…”