Effect of Waterlogging on Element Concentrations, Growth and Yield of Wheat Varieties Under Farmer’s Sodic Field Conditions

Abstract

Six promising waterlogging tolerant varieties of wheat along with two local varieties were evaluated on farmer's sodic field (pH, 8.9) under drained and waterlogged conditions. Waterlogging was imposed for 12 days at 25 days after sowing. The redox potential (Eh) value of the soil was reduced to ?90 mV at 12 days of waterlogging and after removal of surface water, 16 days were taken to reach above the anoxic limit (B?350 mV) of soil. Waterlogging reduced significantly the shoot dry weight of all varieties, but to a lesser extent for the tolerant varieties, KRL3-4, Kharchia65 and KRL99. Waterlogging caused many fold increase in leaf Fe, Al, Na and Na/K ratio and decrease in leaf K, P and S as compared to drained treatment; these increases or decreases in elements were above or below their critical toxicity or deficiency levels. The waterlogging tolerance of varieties based on relative shoot dry weight showed a significant negative correlation with leaf Na and Na/K ratio. As compared to drained condition, the reduction in grain yield ranged from 11 to 27 % in waterlogged treatments. KRL3-4 and NW1014 showed less yield loss and had significantly higher grain yield than local variety under waterlogging. Thus, these two varieties can be recommended for planting in study area. These results suggest for selecting a right tolerant variety for increasing wheat yield in a specific soil and waterlogging environment.

Assessment of waterlogging induced physio-biochemical changes in sugarcane varieties and its association with waterlogging tolerance

“…Waterlogging decreases P content because of oxygen deficiency and impaired root functioning (Trought and Drew, 1980) and lack of energy for ion uptake (Barrett-Lennard et al, 1990). Similar to our results, decline in P content have been reported for waterlogged wheat and sensitive varieties of wheat have lower P content than tolerant varieties (Huang et al,1995;Singh and Setter, 2017). The leaf K content under waterlogging dropped below the critical ( ) deficiency level (Anderson and Bowen, 1990;McCray and Mylavarapu, 2010), except for varieties CoLk 94184, CoS 767 and CoLk 12202 (Fig.…”

“…Thus, high leaf K content may be an important selection indices for waterlogging tolerance. Decrease in K in sugarcane varieties under waterlogging is in agreement with the previous report on wheat (Singh and Setter, 2017). It is also suggested that application of potassium along with N and P improves the tolerance to waterlogging (Cong et al, 2009).…”

“…Increased activity of antioxidant enzymes and levels of antioxidant metabolites have been correlated with tolerance to wide varieties of environmental stress. Nutrient uptake is badly affected under waterlogging; the availability of major elements like N, P, K, Ca and Mg decreases while elements like Fe, Mn and Al increases in the plant above critical toxicity limit (Gilbert et al, 2007;Singh and Setter, 2017). Waterlogging induced nutrient deficiency/toxicity adversely affects physiological processes like photosynthesis, respiration and growth, causing chlorosis and necrosis and ultimately death of plant (Dodd et al, 2013;Bailey-Serres and Colmer, 2008).…”

Soil and Crop Management Practices to Minimize the Impact of Waterlogging on Crop Productivity

“…Moreover, decreasing molecular oxygen prompts a sequence of changes in the physico-chemical properties of the soil (Ponnamperuma, 1984). Many of these also change soil chemical and electro chemicals by decreasing redox potential and excess electron changes, such as Fe 3+ and Mn 4+ to Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ , correspondingly (Ponnamperuma, 1984; Jackson and Colmer, 2005; Singh and Setter, 2017). Thus, solubility of iron and manganese rises to toxic levels, which are potentially damaging to plant roots (Jones and Etherington, 1970; Aldana et al, 2014; Marashi, 2018; Sharma et al, 2018).…”

Phenotypic plasticity of eddoe and dasheen taro genotypes in response to saturated water and dryland cultivations

“…According to Marschner (2012) soil with redox potential <300 mV has no free O2 and in <250 mV has no NO3available. In saturated water, Singh and Setter (2017) noted the increase in the availability of toxic elements such as Fe, Mn, and Al. Although Sagala et al (2011) noted that continuous flooding inactive Fe toxicity.…”