Effect of Using LPG of Diesel Engine: A Review

Abstract

Background: The depletion of petroleum resources and strict environmental concerns have sparked researchers to focus on searching for alternative energy sources for conventional petroleum fuels. These issues call for increasing awareness of effectively using the present reserves and turning to the use of alternative fuels. One of the solutions to achieving this is using gaseous fuels in addition to diesel fuel in diesel engines, such as hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and natural gas. LPG dual-fuel engines are diesel engines modified to use LPG as the primary fuel and diesel as the secondary fuel. Aim: This study aimed to review the impact of inducting LPG through the intake manifold and directly into the combustion chamber on the combustion, performance, and emission parameters of diesel engines. Methods: This study presents a systematic review of the literature in which scientific articles were used as bibliographic sources. The selection of articles was carried out through a search in different databases. All articles found from the year 2001 to 2021 were initially selected. The following keywords were used diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, gas-powered diesel engines, and technologies. Terms were searched separately. The search strategy used to search the databases was based on the use of the following descriptors and keywords: (“diesel” AND “liquefied petroleum gas”) OR (“gas-powered diesel engines” AND “technologies”). As an exclusion criterion, all articles that did not approach LPG as the gaseous fuel in the dual-fuel engine were excluded from the work. After this survey, the total number of references used in this study was 66 articles. Results and Discussion: the results have shown that the qualities can be improved by using the techniques and concepts that have been developed. The engine and its component elements and the gas system were put through their paces in a laboratory setting. Other tests were conducted using theoretical analysis software like diesel RK. Combustion may occur either when the gas is introduced directly into the combustion chamber or when it is introduced indirectly via the air manifold and mixed with air. Conclusions: Using LPG in the CI engine improves mixing and combustion, lowers fuel consumption, and enhances emission characteristics while lowering costs. When LPG is put into an engine, the engine's performance dramatically improves. Gaseous LPG is injected into the combustion chamber to create a lean, uniform air-LPG mixture. Due to this consistent mixture, NOx emissions are drastically reduced. Increasing the temperature of the intake charge improves the thermal brake efficiency and reduces emissions of HC and CO.