Effect of TMUV on immune organs of TMUV infected ducklings

Ji, Zhang; An, Da; Fan, Yunhao; Tang, Yi; Diao, Youxiang

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109033

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The virus continues to undergo rapid evolution and mutation [20]. TMUV predominantly impacts the ovaries, spleen, and brain tissues of ducks, resulting in a significant reduction in egg production, a compromised immune system, and mortality, necessitating the culling of meat ducks [16,39,41,42]. Consequently, the duck farming industry in China has suffered substantial economic losses due to this virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and Interspecies Transmission of Cluster 3 Tembusu Virus Strain TMUV HQ-22 Isolated from Geese

Yang,

Ding,

Yao

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Since 2010, the Tembusu virus (TMUV) has been highly prevalent in China, causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry. In 2022, a suspected outbreak of TMUV occurred at a goose farm located in Anhui Province. A strain of TMUV, TMUV HQ-22, was isolated from the infected geese. Phylogenetic analysis using the E gene of the HQ-22 strain demonstrated its affiliation with cluster 3, a less commonly reported cluster in comparison to the main circulating cluster, cluster 2. Through a comparison of the envelope (E) protein of HQ-22 with other typical TMUV strains, a mutation at the 157th amino acid position was identified, wherein valine (V) in cluster 3 changed to alanine (A), a characteristic that is unique to cluster 2. These findings highlight the diversity and complexity of the TMUV strains circulating in China. In our experimental analysis, an injection of TMUV HQ-22 into the muscles of 3-day-old goslings resulted in severe neurological symptoms and a mortality rate of 60%. Similarly, the intracranial or intranasal infection of 3-week-old ICR mice with TMUV HQ-22 led to severe neurological symptoms and respective mortality rates of 100% or 10%. In summary, our study isolated a TMUV strain, TMUV HQ-22, from geese that belongs to cluster 3 and exhibits significant pathogenicity in both goslings and ICR mice. These results emphasize the genetic diversity of the TMUV circulating in China and expand the host range beyond mosquitoes to include ducks, chickens, geese, and even mice. It is crucial to not underestimate the risk of TMUV infection in mammals, warranting our utmost attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and Interspecies Transmission of Cluster 3 Tembusu Virus Strain TMUV HQ-22 Isolated from Geese

Yang,

Ding,

Yao

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…Transmission electron microscopy showed that virus particles were in the cytoplasm and that virus size was 40-60 nm, which was consistent with the Tembusu virus particles isolated in a previous report. In early reports, duck Tembusu virus disease was thought to affect only adult ducks, but increasing evidence indicates that DTMUV can also cause lesions in ducklings (Zhang et al, 2021). Therefore, it is necessary to study the pathogenesis of DTMUV infection in ducklings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and genetic evolution of E gene of a duck Tambusu virus isolated from southeast Guizhou Province

Luo

Long

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Since 2010, several strains of Duck Tembusu Virus (DTMUV) have been isolated from China. In autumn 2021, high mortality was observed in southwestern Guizhou Province, China, and a DTMUV strain named GZSS2022 was successfully isolated. After inoculation with SPF chicken embryos of 10 days age, the embryos died 3-5 days after inoculation, and RT-PCR could still detect DTMUV positive after collecting the allantoic fluid of dead chicken embryos and transmitting it for 4 generations. In addition, the GZSS2022 strain was able to replicate in BHK-21 cells and induce cytopathic effects (CPE), and the virus particles were observed in the cytoplasm by transmission electron microscopy. In animal experiments, GZSS2022 strain can replicate stably and pathological examination results showed that the brain of infected ducks was congested and vascular sheath formed around the blood vessels; Liver lymphocyte infiltration, necrosis, liver bleeding. The E gene of this strain was sequenced by PCR and its homology and genetic evolution were analyzed. It was found that the homology of GZSS2022 with the Beijing duck reference strain (MT108699.1) was the highest 99.39%, and the homology of GZSS2022 with the early isolated reference strain (FX2010) was 96.88%. The GZSS2020 strain was located in the same subbranch as the reference strain from Beijing duck in China. The results of this study indicate that a novel highly virulent Tambusu virus has appeared for the first time in Guizhou Province, China, and further lay the foundation for the study of the pathogenicity and host range of this novel Tambusu virus.

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“…This activation resulted in the upregulation of interferonstimulated genes (ISGs) from the Mx and OAS families in the brain and spleen [123]. Injection of 10 4 TCID50 of TMUV-TC2B into 5-day-old ducklings via a vein resulted in a significant upregulation of ISGs in the immune organs, causing dynamic damage to the immune system and providing insights into pathogenicity [124]. On the first day after DTMUV infection, the spleen exhibited the highest virus titers, with upregulation of Rig-1, Mda5, and Tlr3 expression, as well as the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as Il-1β, Il-2, Il-6, and Cxcl8) and antiviral proteins (such as Mx and Oas), with Il-6 showing the most significant increase in expression across all tested tissues [125].…”

Section: Innate Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Research on Duck Tembusu Virus Infections

Cheng,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Duck Tembusu Virus (DTMUV) is a pathogen of the Flaviviridae family that causes infections in poultry, leading to significant economic losses in the duck farming industry in recent years. Ducks infected with this virus exhibit clinical symptoms such as decreased egg production and neurological disorders, along with serious consequences such as ovarian hemorrhage, organ enlargement, and necrosis. Variations in morbidity and mortality rates exist across different age groups of ducks. It is worth noting that DTMUV is not limited to ducks alone; it can also spread to other poultry such as chickens and geese, and antibodies related to DTMUV have even been found in duck farm workers, suggesting a potential risk of zoonotic transmission. This article provides a detailed overview of DTMUV research, delving into its genomic characteristics, vaccines, and the interplay with host immune responses. These in-depth research findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the virus’s transmission mechanism and pathogenic process, offering crucial scientific support for epidemic prevention and control.

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Effect of TMUV on immune organs of TMUV infected ducklings

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Pathogenicity and Interspecies Transmission of Cluster 3 Tembusu Virus Strain TMUV HQ-22 Isolated from Geese

Pathogenicity and Interspecies Transmission of Cluster 3 Tembusu Virus Strain TMUV HQ-22 Isolated from Geese

Identification and genetic evolution of E gene of a duck Tambusu virus isolated from southeast Guizhou Province

Advancements in Research on Duck Tembusu Virus Infections

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