Effect of the temporal pattern of a given noise dose on TTS in guinea pigs

Abstract

To show the effect of the temporal pattern of acoustic stimulation on TTS 15 min, guinea pigs were subjected to isoenergetic noises with the same spectrum. The exposures in a first experimental series were continuous noises and noise bursts. The continuous noise was presented with different durations and levels but always with the same energy. The noise burst stimulation consisted of a constant number of bursts with different interstimulus intervals. Both duration and repetition rate were shown to affect the TTS 15 min measured for these isoenergetic stimuli. A duration of 225 to 1800 s and a repetition rate of one per second produced the greatest TTS 15 min. In a second experimental series continuous noise and acoustic impulses with the same spectrum and 100-Hz repetition rate were presented at different levels. In this case the waveform of the stimulus (phase spectrum) was shown to have an effect on TTS 15 min.

Effects of noise on fishes: What we can learn from humans and birds

“…These could include noise-induced hearing loss and auditory system damage, temporary hearing loss (called temporary threshold shift [TTS]), and masking of communication and other important biological sounds (e.g . Miller 1974;Buck et al 1984;Clark 1991;Adler et al 1992;Ryals et al 1999;Le Prell et al 2012). Increased noise can also cause behavioral and/or physiological changes, such as increased stress, sleep loss and hormonal changes (Miller 1974;Brumm 2004).…”

“…Although relatively little is known about the effects of manmade sounds on fishes, a good deal may be inferred about the potential effects, and approaches to the study of those effects, from the wealth of data available from humans and laboratory animals (Miller ; Buck et al ; Clark ; Passchier‐Vermeer & Passchier ; Le Prell et al ). For example, we surmise that a similar range of adverse effects found in humans and other mammals occurs in birds (e.g.…”

Evaluating effects of dredging-induced underwater sound on aquatic species : a literature review

“…The factors associated with TS-like sound level (i.e., sensation level, overall level, and level above background), the duration, duty cycle (intermittent or continuous), number of transient components, and frequency of sound are all important considerations (e.g., Buck et al 1984;Clark et al 1987;Ward 1991;Lataye and Campo 1996). This is especially the case for exposure to impulsive sound sources (Danielson et al 1991;Henderson et al 1991;Hamernik et al 2003), which is why acoustic thresholds in this technical guidance are also expressed as a Peak SPL Metric (PK).…”

Audiometric and histological differences between the effects of continuous and impulsive noise exposures

“…This paper presents the results of an experiment designed to determine what, if any, difference exists between the trauma produced by impulsive and Gaussian noise exposures at moderate levels. The basic idea, which was similar to the Buck et al (1984) approach, was to use three noise exposures, each having the same SEL and spectra, but differing in their phase spectrum so that the time waveform could be varied from a Gaussian noise to a pure impact noise exposure.…”

“…Buck et al (1984) exposed guinea pigs to impulsive or continuous noise at equivalent energies. Using the round window AP to obtain threshold shift (TS) measures, they showed that impulsive stimulation produced up to 25 dB greater TS for the same SEL and that the maximum effect was found one-half octave higher than that produced by continuous stimulation.…”