Effect of Tannin Protected Sunflower Meal without or with Chamomile Flowers Supplementation on Productive Performance of Zaraibi Dairy Goats and their Offspring

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of treated sunflower meal with 2% condensed tannins (Quebracho tannins, QT; Unitan, Argentina) or/and Chamomile Flowers supplementation on productive performance of Zaraibi dairy goats and their offspring. A feeding trial was conducted using twenty pregnant goats at the 3 rd and 4 th parities and initial body weight 35.55 ± 0.62 kg at the last month before parturition and lasted for 90 days after parturition. Animals were divided into four similar groups (n=5does/each) using the randomized complete block design. Goats were fed concentrate feed mixture (CFM) to cover 50% of their requirements according to NRC (1985) for goats and rice straw (RS) was given by 150 g/head/day; while berseem was given at ad-libitum. Group G1 (control) received CFM contained untreated sunflower meal, while group G2 fed CFM contained untreated sunflower meal and supplemented with 0.25% Chamomile Flowers (Ch-F) and G3 fed CFM contained treated sunflower meal with 2% tannin (Quebracho) and G4 fed CFM contained treated sunflower meal with 2% tannin (Quebracho) and supplemented with 0.25% (Ch-F) on DM basis. Results indicated that digestibility of most nutrients and feeding values were significantly higher (P<0.05) with G2 than those of other groups. While, digestibility of CP was significantly higher (P<0.05) for all tested groups than that of control one. Ruminal ammonia-N and total volatile fatty acids concentrations were lower significantly (P<0.05) in G3 and G4 than G1 and G2. Daily milk yield was significantly (P<0.05) higher with G4 over the whole experimental period than that of control and insignificant higher than the other tested rations. Meantime, the improvement in 4% fat corrected milk yield being 124, 110 and 103% for G4, G3 and G2 compared to that of G1 over the whole experimental period. Milk constituent contents did not significantly affected by dietary treatments despite there were slightly increases in milk constituents with G4 ration in comparison with the other treatments. Also, feed conversion as kg DMI, TDNI or DCPI per kg milk improved for G4 in comparison of other groups. Economic efficiency of G4 recorded the best one among the experimental treatments and increased by 21.18% based on control ration (G1). Also, G4 revealed significant (P<0.05) positive effect on final weight, total and daily weight gains for kids during suckling period. No deleterious effects on liver, kidney functions and general health of animals fed the manipulated rations. It could be concluded that the protection process of sunflower meal with 2% QT and supplemented with 0.25% Chamomile Flower (G4) was more beneficially effective on Zaraibi dairy goats performance and economic efficiency.

Improving Productivity and Health Status of Lactating Zaraibi Goats with Echinacea Purpurea or/and Chamomile Flower Supplementation

“…Research conducted on goats has demonstrated that the inclusion of herbal supplements in their diets has a beneficial impact on their digestive processes. The findings of current study align with previous research conducted by Hussein et al (2018), who found that supplementing lactating Zaraibi goats with 0.25% Chamomile flowers resulted in significantly higher digestibility of nutrients and improved feeding values compared to the control group (p<0.05). Similarly, EL-Basiony et al (2015) observed that lactating Damascus goats exhibited significantly enhanced nutrient digestibility coefficients when supplemented with 4.0 g/head/day of Echinacea purpurea (p<0.05).…”

“…In contrast, El-Kholany et al (2015,2017) concluded that Baladi cows exhibited similar dry matter intake when their diets were supplemented with two levels of Chamomile flowers (5 or 10 g/100 kg BW/day) compared to the control ration. Furthermore, Hussein et al (2018) investigated the dry matter intake of Zaraibi dairy goats and found that supplementation with 0.25% Chamomile flowers did not significantly impact their intake. Likewise, Wu et al (2018) reported that lambs supplemented with 100 mg/kg BW/day of Echinacea exhibited similar average dry matter intake compared to those fed the control ration.…”

“…These VFAs are the primary byproducts of the breakdown of carbohydrates in the food consumed by ruminants and provide the majority of the energy precursors necessary for metabolic processes in these animals (Wang et al, 2022). Hussein et al (2018) investigated the ruminal parameters of Zaraibi dairy goats and discovered that the addition of 0.25% Chamomile flowers significantly influenced ammonia-N levels and resulted in increased concentrations of total VFAs. Similarly, El-Basiony et al (2015) demonstrated that the pH, total VFAs, and ammonia levels in lactating Damascus goats were significantly impacted (p<0.05) when they were fed a basal diet mixed with 4g of Echinacea per head per day.…”

Study of Semen Characteristics at Sexual Maturity in Awassi Lambs Fed on Low Degradable Sunflower Meal and Seeds

“…A significant increase (p≤ 0.01) were observed in serum cholesterol concentration in T3 (185.18 mg /dl) compared T1 and T2 which was (114.71 and 133.74) mg /dl respectively. These results resemble those of Al-Mallah (2007) who found that feeding lambs on diets treated with formaldehyde led to an increase in the urea concentration compared to the non-treatment, other studies (Hussein et al, 2018, Abdel-Ghani et al, 2011 indicated that feeding lambs on a low degradable sunflower meal or feeding with different levels of undegradable protein showed a significant decrease in blood urea concentrations. Also, studies of (Majewska et al, 2016, Radmanesh et al, 2015, Hadipour et al, 2014, found that feeding lambs on undegradable fat led to an increase in the concentration of cholesterol in the blood plasma.…”

Effect of Feeding Different Levels from Heat Protected Soybean Meal Protein in Diets of Growing Rahmani Lambs on Digestibility Coefficients, Feeding Values and Growth Performance

“…In addition, Abo El-Fadel and Ashmawy (2015) observed that the protected linseed meal and cotton seed meal at 2% resulted in better economic evaluation expressed as economic return. Recently, Hussein et al (2018) reported that feed cost was higher in diet contained untreated Sunflower meal than that contained protected Sunflower meal by Tannin.…”