Effect of Sleep Duration, Diet, and Physical Activity on Obesity and Overweight Elementary School Students in Shanghai

Zhang, Jing; Zhang, YunTing; Jiang, Yanrui; Sun, Wanning; Zhu, Qi; Ip, Patrick; Zhang, Donglan; Liu, ShiJian; Chen, Chang; Chen, Jie; Zhang, Lei; Zhang, Hao; Tang, Mingyu; Dong, Wenfang; Wu, Yufeng; Yin, Yong; Fan, Jian‐Gao

doi:10.1111/josh.12583

Cited by 29 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…The 2014 Sleep in America ® Poll revealed that nearly one in three children age 6 to 11 years in the Unites States gets 8 h or less of sleep each night [ 46 ], falling short of the National Sleep Foundation’s recommended 9 to 11 h per night [ 47 ]. The link between short sleep duration and increased BMI is well established [ 48 ]. Decreased sleep duration associated with SSB consumption may further exacerbate the association between SSB consumption and BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Your Body Feels Better When You Drink Water”: Parent and School-Age Children’s Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Cognitions

et al. 2018

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Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a leading source of added sugar in the American diet. Further, ingestion of added sugars from SSBs exceeds recommendations. Thus, interventions that effectively reduce SSB consumption are needed. Focus group discussions with parents (n = 37) and school-aged children between the ages of 6 and 11 years (n = 41) from Florida, New Jersey, and West Virginia were led by trained moderators using Social Cognitive Theory as a guide. Trends and themes that emerged from the content analysis of the focus group data indicated that both parents and children felt that limiting SSBs was important to health and weight control. However, parents and children reported consuming an average of 1.85 ± 2.38 SD and 2.13 ± 2.52 SD SSB servings/week, respectively. Parents and children were aware that parent behaviors influenced kids, but parents reported modeling healthy SSB behaviors was difficult. Busy schedules, including more frequent parties and events as children get older, were another barrier to limiting SSBs. Parents were most successful at limiting SSBs when they were not in the house. This qualitative research provides novel insights into parents’ and children’s cognitions (e.g., beliefs, attitudes), barriers, and facilitators related to SSB ingestion. Consideration of these insights during nutrition intervention development has the potential to improve intervention effectiveness in reducing SSB intake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Your Body Feels Better When You Drink Water”: Parent and School-Age Children’s Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Cognitions

et al. 2018

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“…Restructuring the schoolyard offering more space for PA (eg, marking with cones activity zones) Preparing active games or interclass competitions for the recess Challenging the students to be active during recess, remind it frequently (eg, placing a sheet in the classroom with some reminders). Offer feedback …”

Section: Implications For School Healhmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of School in Helping Children and Adolescents Reach the Physical Activity Recommendations: The UP&DOWN Study

Grao‐Cruces

Segura‐Jiménez

Conde‐Caveda

et al. 2019

Journal of School Health

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BACKGROUND:The aims were to: (1) examine the levels of physical activity (PA) during different time periods (ie, daily PA, school hour PA, recess PA, physical education classes [PEC] PA) in children and adolescents; and (2) identify the rate of compliance with the specific PA recommendations for these time periods. METHODS:The participants were 1925 (940 girls) children and adolescents from 40 Spanish schools. Hip-worn accelerometers were used to assess PA during different time periods. RESULTS:Boys and children were more physically active and had a greater percentage meeting the daily PA recommendation and the school-based PA recommendation than girls and adolescents, respectively. Compliance with daily PA recommendation was markedly higher than that with the school-based PA recommendation, regardless of sex and age groups (ie, 80.4% vs 24.1% for daily and school-based PA recommendations, respectively, in child boys). A very low percentage (ie, 9.7% and 1.2% of child boys with almost 50% of moderate-to-vigorous PA during recess and PEC, respectively) of students reached the recommended PA levels for recess and PEC. CONCLUSIONS:Physical activity levels during school hours, recess, and PEC in children and adolescents are very low.Promoting PA in school settings is essential, especially in girls and adolescents.

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“…Current recommendations, considering children’s overall well-being as well as cognitive, emotional and physical health, advocate nine to eleven hours of sleep per day for 6- to 13-year-olds [27]. Based on those recommendations, internationally, numerous studies investigated the influence of sleep on obesity and obesity-related behaviours in children [28, 29]. In German as well as Chinese primary school children for instance, a daily sleep duration of 10 h or less was significantly associated to being overweight or obese [26, 28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional associations of objectively assessed sleep duration with physical activity, BMI and television viewing in German primary school children

et al. 2019

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BackgroundThe global incidence of overweight and obesity has increased dramatically among children and adolescents over the past decades. Insufficient sleep duration and physical inactivity are known risk factors for overweight and obesity in children. To engage children in a healthier lifestyle knowledge about associations of sleep duration and behavioural aspects in children are vital. Therefore, this study investigated the mentioned associations in German primary school children.MethodsData of 308 first and second graders (7.1 ± 0.6 years) was used; children’s anthropometric data were taken during a school visit. Children’s physical activity (PA) and sleep duration were assessed objectively (Actiheart©, CamNtech Ltd., Cambridge, UK); children’s daily television time and socio-demographic data were collected via parental questionnaire. Linear mixed-effects regression models as well as logistic regressions were used to determine associations of PA, television viewing, age, gender, BMI z-scores and socio-economic variables on sleep duration.ResultsIn linear regression models young age and not having a migration background were significantly associated with long sleep duration (p < 0.001). In logistic regressions, long night time sleep (≥10:08 h; compared to medium and short sleep duration) was significantly associated with not reaching the PA guideline (OR 0.60 [0.36;0.99]), daily television viewing of less than one hour (OR 0.44 [0.24;0.80]), young age (OR 0.38 [0.21;067]), a high parental education level (OR 0.52 [0.27;0.99]) and the lack of migration background (OR 0.21 [0.10;0.48]). However, if controlling for age, gender, parental education level and migration background, reaching the PA guideline stayed no longer significantly associated with a tertiary sleep level.ConclusionsChildren in the highest sleep category showed a negative association with reaching the PA guideline and a positive association with daily television viewing. This therefore adds to previously primarily subjectively assessed associations of sleep and risk factors for obesity (related behaviours) with a detailed insight based on objective data. Hence, interventions trying to decrease children’s BMI and television viewing should also aim at extending children’s night-time sleep and inform parents about the importance of sufficient sleep during childhood.Trial registrationDRKS-ID: DRKS00000494.

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Effect of Sleep Duration, Diet, and Physical Activity on Obesity and Overweight Elementary School Students in Shanghai

Abstract: We found that age, sex, sleep, and some dietary habits impacted weight, and suggests that specific cultural and economic factors may impact risk of a child being overweight or obese.

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

“Your Body Feels Better When You Drink Water”: Parent and School-Age Children’s Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Cognitions

“Your Body Feels Better When You Drink Water”: Parent and School-Age Children’s Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Cognitions

The Role of School in Helping Children and Adolescents Reach the Physical Activity Recommendations: The UP&DOWN Study

Cross-sectional associations of objectively assessed sleep duration with physical activity, BMI and television viewing in German primary school children

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